CAREER: Multi-Scalar Transport and Similarity in the Urban Boundary Layer

职业：城市边界层的多标量交通和相似性

• 批准号: 2143664
• 负责人: Qi Li
• 金额: $ 54.94万
• 依托单位: Cornell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-02-01 至 2027-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2143664&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Multi; Scalar; Transport; Similarity

More than half of the global population live in urban areas, which nontrivially modify the atmosphere through two broad pathways: urban form (i.e., changes in surface properties) and urban function (i.e., anthropogenic activities emitting heat and mass). These two pathways occur via turbulent exchanges of momentum, energy and mass in the atmospheric boundary layer and carry ‘distinct fingerprints’ of a city’s form and function. For increasingly fine-scale climate and numerical weather prediction (NWP) models, it is a persistent challenge to reflect these ‘distinct fingerprints’ of different cities across the world, yet in a manner that is generalizable and computationally tractable. Due to incomplete understanding of multi-scalar transport, whether different scalars of anthropogenic origins obey similarity relations in the urban surface layer remains unclear. This is also one of the key stumbling blocks to generalize urban land-atmosphere exchanges for multiple scalars. In particular, incorporating the effect of urban function on surface-atmosphere exchanges into climate and NWP models is almost completely missing. Therefore, the overarching goal is to improve basic understanding of multi-scalar transport and inform physically realistic, generalizable estimates of the surface-atmosphere exchanges, especially for less explored scalars. The project will lead to findings necessary for the next-generation urban climate modeling tools, which can be implemented to develop more precise (i.e., city or neighborhood-specific) mitigation and adaptation measures with changing climates. To achieve the overall project goal, the approach of this project is motivated by a critical comparison between flow and transport in the urban canopy versus vegetated one, which has been extensively studied. Such an approach will generate new insight into the transferability of theories and models between the two, informing development of urban-specific models for surface-atmosphere exchanges based on the existing ones for vegetation counterpart. To advance basic understanding of multi-scalar transport and departure from similarity, the mechanisms responsible for scalar dissimilarity will be separately investigated at the micro- and local scale of heterogeneities in urban form and function. Understanding of multi-scalar transport at both the micro- and local scales will be systematically studied by first deriving a ‘city profile generation’ module to generalize urban form and function (Aim 1). Then, hypotheses regarding multi-scalar transport and their similarity will be tested to advance basic understanding (Aim 2). The new understanding will help improve urban surface-atmosphere exchange modeling and interpretation of observations that rely on scalar similarity theory (Aim 3).This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

全球一半以上的人口居住在城市地区，城市通过两条主要途径改变大气：城市形态（即地表特性的变化）和城市功能（即散发热量和质量的人类活动）。通过大气边界层中动量、能量和质量的湍流交换，并带有城市形态和功能的“独特指纹”，对于日益精细的气候和数值天气预报（NWP）模型来说，它是一个持久的模型。由于对多标量交通的不完全理解，反映世界各地不同城市的这些“独特指纹”是一项挑战，但人为起源的不同标量是否遵循城市表层的相似关系。这也是推广多标量城市土地-大气交换的关键障碍之一，特别是将城市功能对地表-大气交换的影响纳入气候和数值天气预报模型中。因此，首要目标是提高对多标量传输的基本理解，并为表面大气交换提供物理上真实的、可概括的估计，特别是对于较少探索的标量，该项目将为下一步提供必要的发现。生成城市气候建模工具，可用于针对气候变化制定更精确的（即特定于城市或社区的）缓解和适应措施。为了实现总体项目目标，该项目的方法是通过对气候变化进行关键比较来推动的。流动和运输城市冠层与植被模型的比较，这一方法已被广泛研究，这种方法将为两者之间的理论和模型的可移植性提供新的见解，为基于现有植被模型的城市特定模型的发展提供信息。为了促进对多标量交通的基本理解并摆脱相似性，将在城市形态和功能的微观和局部尺度上分别研究导致标量差异的机制。将通过首先推导出“城市概况生成”模块来概括城市形态和功能来系统地研究微观和局部尺度（目标 1），然后，将测试有关多尺度交通及其相似性的假设以促进基本理解（目标 1）。 2) 新的理解将有助于改进基于标量相似理论的城市表面-大气交换建模和观测解释（目标 3）。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的评估被认为值得支持。智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

Long-distance atmospheric transport of microplastic fibres influenced by their shapes

微塑料纤维的长距离大气传输受其形状的影响

• DOI: 10.1038/s41561-023-01264-6
• 发表时间: 2023-10
• 期刊: Nature Geoscience
• 影响因子: 18.3
• 作者: Xiao, Shuolin;Cui, Yuanfeng;Brahney, Janice;Mahowald, Natalie M.;Li, Qi
• 通讯作者: Li, Qi

Understanding the Influence of Urban Form on the Spatial Pattern of Precipitation

了解城市形态对降水空间格局的影响

• DOI: 10.1029/2023ef003846
• 发表时间: 2024-01
• 期刊: Earth's Future
• 作者: Lu, Yanle;Yu, Zhou;Albertson, John D.;Chen, Haonan;Hu, Leiqiu;Pendergrass, Angeline;Chen, Xiaodong;Li, Qi
• 通讯作者: Li, Qi

Using Machine Learning to Predict Urban Canopy Flows for Land Surface Modeling

使用机器学习预测城市冠层流量以进行地表建模

• DOI: 10.1029/2022gl102313
• 发表时间: 2022-12-16
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Yanle Lu;Xueqing Zhou;Heng Xiao;Qi Li
• 通讯作者: Qi Li

Effects of Urban Surface Roughness on Potential Sources of Microplastics in the Atmospheric Boundary Layer

城市表面粗糙度对大气边界层微塑料潜在来源的影响

• DOI: 10.1007/s10546-022-00763-0
• 发表时间: 2022-12
• 期刊: Boundary-Layer Meteorology
• 影响因子: 4.3
• 作者: Cui, Yuanfeng;Xiao, Shuolin;Giometto, Marco G.;Li, Qi
• 通讯作者: Li, Qi

Ocean emission of microplastic

微塑料的海洋排放

• DOI: 10.1093/pnasnexus/pgad296
• 发表时间: 2023-10
• 期刊: PNAS Nexus
• 作者: Shaw, Daniel B.;Li, Qi;Nunes, Janine K.;Deike, Luc
• 通讯作者: Deike, Luc