Collaborative Research: Deconstructing Wordlikeness Judgments

合作研究：解构词相似性判断

• 批准号: 2213758
• 负责人: Jimin Kahng
• 金额: $ 14.12万
• 依托单位: University of Mississippi
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-09-01 至 2026-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2213758&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Deconstructing; Wordlikeness; Judgments

Humans have different kinds of knowledge about the languages they speak. Phonotactic knowledge refers to their knowledge about sound patterns in words. Such knowledge is usually studied through behavioral experiments such as wordlikeness judgment tasks, in which a speaker is asked to indicate whether a nonce (made-up) word form could be a real word in their language. Such studies have observed that wordlikeness judgements are gradient; that is, they form a cline of acceptability. This project examines different types of computational models and experimental designs to better understand the nature of the grammatical system that underly this variety of gradient judgment. For example, one class of computational models seek to account for this gradience in wordlikeness tasks by incorporating fine-grained generalizations in sophisticated statistical models. In contrast, other models based solely on categorical generalizations appear to do just as well in accounting for behavioral wordlikeness findings. This suggests that gradience observed in the behavioral experiments may reflect the experimental setting rather than the underlying grammar of the knowledge itself. This collaborative research project develops a thorough investigation of these contrasting accounts of gradience in human wordlikeness judgements. The project provides mentoring and research training opportunities for graduate students in modern experimental and computational methods; and it creates an open-access, online database of the project's experimental results that serves as a resource for other researchers in the language sciences. In addition, the investigators plan to engage in outreach activities targeting members of the public in settings focusing on informal science education.This research project deconstructs the variety of factors involved in wordlikeness judgements. It includes experimental studies that manipulate response measures and stimulus and response modality to elicit human-subjects' wordlikeness judgments for nonce forms from speakers of English and Korean. A variety of computational models are assessed by comparing how well they can be fitted to the results of the experimental studies. The project's interconnected studies aim to answer the following questions: (a) how do different explicit computational models perform against observed wordlikeness judgments, (b) to what degree is gradience in acceptability judgments related to the probabilistic nature of human perception, and (c) are the results obtained affected by the manner in which words forms are presented to speakers (e.g., auditorily vs. visually) and/or in which speakers record their judgments?This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

人类对他们所说的语言有不同种类的知识。 Phonotactic知识是指他们在单词中对声音模式的知识。通常通过行为实验（例如WordLikeness判断任务）来研究此类知识，其中要求说话者指示Nance（编写）单词形式是否可以是其语言中的真实单词。这样的研究观察到单词判断是梯度的。也就是说，它们构成了可接受性的灭绝。 该项目研究了不同类型的计算模型和实验设计，以更好地了解基本各种梯度判断的语法系统的性质。 例如，一种计算模型试图通过将细粒度的概括纳入复杂的统计模型中来解决文字词度任务中的这种梯度。 相比之下，仅基于分类概括的其他模型似乎在考虑行为文字口语发现方面也同样有效。这表明在行为实验中观察到的渐变可能反映了实验环境，而不是知识本身的基本语法。该协作研究项目对人类文字判断中有关梯度的这些对比描述进行了彻底的研究。该项目为研究生提供了现代实验和计算方法的指导和研究培训机会；它创建了一个开放访问的在线数据库，该数据库是该项目的实验结果，它是语言科学中其他研究人员的资源。此外，调查人员计划在关注非正式科学教育的环境中针对公众的推出活动进行外展活动。本研究项目解构了文字判断中涉及的各种因素。它包括实验研究，以操纵响应措施，刺激和反应方式，以引起人类受试者对英语和韩语的人的词语判断。 通过比较它们与实验研究的结果进行比较，可以评估各种计算模型。该项目的互连研究旨在回答以下问题：（a）不同的明确计算模型如何针对观察到的单词判断，（b）在与人类感知的概率性质相关的可接受性判断中的坡度在多大程度上是在多大程度上，以及（c）获得的结果是否受到说话表格向说话者提出的单词形式的影响（例如，在视觉上与视觉上）和/或说话者记录其判断的方式？该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过使用评估来支持的基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准。