Collaborative Research: Understanding Molecular Mechanisms of Immune Response to a Herbivore-Associated Peptide Elicitor

合作研究：了解草食动物相关肽诱导子免疫反应的分子机制

• 批准号: 2139987
• 负责人: Savithramma Dinesh-Kumar
• 金额: $ 25.35万
• 依托单位: University of California-Davis
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-06-01 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2139987&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Understanding; Molecular; Mechanisms

Plants are defended from pests and pathogens through a sophisticated immune system to recognize attackers. The molecular pathways which control immune responses to chewing herbivores such as caterpillars are poorly understood. Detection of insect attackers is mediated by receptors at the plant cell plasma membrane which bind characteristic molecular patterns of attack and send intracellular signals to active defense responses. How these receptors carry out recognition and signaling functions is of critical importance for disease and pest resistance including in crop plants. This proposal seeks to define pathways and molecular factors which control plant responses to herbivores within an attacked plant leaf. Understanding these factors will allow targeted breeding and/or engineering of resistance traits against herbivores. The project will also launch an innovative cross-campus internship to solidify undergraduate identity as a plant biologist. Two undergraduates each summer will participate in the alternative campus’ Louis Stokes Alliance for Minority Participation (LSAMP) internship at University of Washington or UC Davis in a mentored research experience, before returning to their home campus for their senior year. Participation for each student in two plant immunity labs will strengthen confidence and feeling of self-efficacy in promising BIPOC or first-gen interns.The project will leverage Inceptin Receptor (INR), a newly discovered pattern recognition receptor (PRR) which detects Inceptin, a herbivore-associated molecular pattern (HAMP) found in caterpillar oral secretions. INR is a leucine-rich repeat-containing, receptor-like protein and is specific to a subtribe of legumes, the Phaseolinae. The project will use backcrossed lines of common bean with an introgressed INR deletion to quantify the contribution of INR to overall herbivore defense. Receptor-dependent responses following live herbivore challenge will be quantified at multiple timepoints and spatial scales. Reverse genetic approaches will be used to test the contribution of putative herbivore-specific factors. A forward genetic screen for novel legume factors will also be performed. The project will test the hypothesis that INR-mediated responses to HAMPs reflect amplification of damage-associated processes as well as specific targets for strong anti-herbivore defense responses. The proposed work will span plant-pathogen and plant-herbivore interactions to contribute to a holistic view of PRRs functions in plant biotic interactions. INR is a candidate for transfer into legume and non-legume species that lack this specific PRR, including soybean. Understanding the immune contribution of a HAMP recognition module will inform the use of PRRs to confer agricultural traits.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

植物通过复杂的免疫系统来识别攻击者，从而防御害虫和病原体。控制对毛毛虫等咀嚼食草动物的免疫反应的分子途径知之甚少。植物细胞质膜上结合特征的受体介导昆虫攻击者的检测。攻击防御的分子模式以及如何向主动反应发送细胞内信号这些受体如何执行识别和信号传导功能对于包括作物植物在内的疾病和害虫抗性至关重要。了解这些因素将有助于针对食草动物进行有针对性的育种和/或抗性工程，该项目还将启动一项创新的跨校园实习，以巩固本科生作为植物生物学家的身份。每位学生将在华盛顿大学或加州大学戴维斯分校参加替代校园的路易斯斯托克斯少数族裔参与联盟 (LSAMP) 实习，获得指导研究经验，然后返回家乡校园参加两个工厂的每个学生。免疫实验室将增强有前途的 BIPOC 或第一代实习生的信心和自我效能感。该项目将利用 Inceptin 受体 (INR)，这是一种新发现的模式识别受体 (PRR)，可检测 Inceptin，一种与草食动物相关的分子模式。 HAMP）存在于毛毛虫口腔分泌物中，INR 是一种富含亮氨酸重复序列的受体样蛋白，是豆科植物亚群特有的。该项目将使用具有基因渗入的 INR 缺失的普通豆系来量化 INR 对整体草食动物防御的贡献，并将在多个时间点和空间尺度上量化逆向遗传方法。该项目还将测试 INR 介导的反应的假设。 HAMP 反映了损伤相关过程的放大以及强抗草食动物防御反应的具体目标。拟议的工作将涵盖植物-病原体和植物-草食动物相互作用，以有助于全面了解 PRR 在植物生物相互作用中的功能。转移到缺乏这种特定 PRR 的豆科植物和非豆科物种（包括大豆）的候选者，了解 HAMP 识别模块的免疫贡献将为使用 PRR 赋予农业性状提供信息。该奖项反映了这一点。通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，NSF 的法定使命被认为值得支持。