Collaborative Research: Interactions of Urban Systems with Storms and Heatwaves, and Resulting Impacts

合作研究：城市系统与风暴和热浪的相互作用以及由此产生的影响

• 批准号: 2139316
• 负责人: Ashish Sharma
• 金额: $ 59.76万
• 依托单位: University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-02-01 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2139316&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Interactions; Urban; Systems

This award provides funding to advance fundamental understanding of urban processes as a function of land surface properties, atmospheric chemistry, and human adaptive choices designed to reduce impacts of storms and heatwaves over urban areas. The study will focus on Chicago, New York, and Denver regions that vary in geography, climatology, urban characteristics, and urbanization processes. The resulting improvement in the understanding of urban processes is ultimately expected to improve the quality of life for vulnerable urban communities impacted by more frequent and extreme storms and heatwaves events. This project will help evaluate the impact of green infrastructure choices and future urban expansion. The use of satellite datasets for storm and heatwave characterization, data assimilation, and validation will ensure portability to other urbanized areas across the world with limited in-situ and radar observations as well as cities with similar climatic conditions. The project will disseminate project findings through peer-reviewed publications and presentations at conferences and workshops, webinars to citizens and city administrators, and social media for global reach. The project will train a postdoc and two graduate students to be next-generation atmospheric scientists with interdisciplinary expertise in climate model development, hydrometeorological data analysis, and urban sustainability. This project will utilize a combination of numerical model development activities, model enhancements, and new measurement techniques from space and the earth’s surface to characterize the nonlinear effects of land cover, urban morphology, geometry, scale, and aerosol heterogeneity on the urban boundary layer processes impacting storms and heatwaves. This project will contribute to the following objectives: (i) analyze the effects of interactions between the atmosphere and intra-urban land surface properties and characteristics on storms and heatwaves, (ii) analyze the contribution of urban aerosols on storms and heatwaves, and (iii) analyze the impacts of changing urban landscapes due to human development and adaptation choices. The project will also articulate atmospheric chemistry interactions due to urban aerosol heterogeneity and intra-urban land surface processes related to convergence and convection that modify storms and heatwaves. The weather-chemistry linkages using new model development activities and model enhancements will likely improve weather forecasting capabilities for cities. Project techniques and resulting findings will also serve as a new paradigm for integrated studies for sustainable and resilient urban systems, especially in evaluating how future urbanization and urban climate change adaptation strategies like green and cool roofs will impact storms and heatwaves over urban areas.This collaborative project is co-funded by the Physical and Dynamic Meteorology and Environmental Sustainability programs.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项提供资金，以促进对城市过程作为地表特性、大气化学和人类适应性选择的函数的基本理解，旨在减少风暴和热浪对城市地区的影响。该研究将重点关注芝加哥、纽约和丹佛。该项目对地理、气候、城市特征和城市化进程各不相同的地区进行研究，最终有望改善受更频繁和极端风暴和热浪事件影响的脆弱城市社区的生活质量。将有助于评估绿色的影响使用卫星数据集进行风暴和热浪特征描述、数据同化和验证将确保可移植到世界各地现场和雷达观测有限的其他城市化地区以及具有类似气候条件的城市。该项目将通过同行评审的出版物和在会议和研讨会上的演讲、向公民和城市管理者举办的网络研讨会以及全球影响力的社交媒体来传播项目成果。该项目将培训一名博士后和两名研究生成为下一代大气科学家。拥有气候模型开发、水文气象数据分析和城市可持续性方面的跨学科专业知识。该项目将结合数值模型开发活动、模型增强以及来自空间和地球表面的新测量技术来表征土地覆盖的非线性效应，城市形态、几何形状、规模和气溶胶异质性对影响风暴和热浪的城市边界层过程的影响 该项目将有助于实现以下目标：(i) 分析大气与城市内地表特性和特征之间相互作用的影响。在风暴和热浪，（ii）分析城市气溶胶对风暴和热浪的贡献，以及（iii）分析由于人类发展和适应选择而导致的城市景观变化的影响。该项目还将阐明由于城市气溶胶异质性而导致的大气化学相互作用。使用新模型开发活动和模型增强的天气化学联系可能会提高城市的天气预报能力。技术和由此产生的结果也将成为可持续和弹性城市系统综合研究的新范式，特别是在未来城市化和城市气候变化适应策略（如绿色和凉爽屋顶）将如何影响城市地区的风暴和热浪方面。这个合作项目是该奖项由物理和动力气象学以及环境可持续发展项目共同资助。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。