Collaborative Research: Exploring Early Galaxy Formation and the Epoch of Reionization with the Hawaii-Two-0 (H20) Survey

合作研究：通过 Hawaii-Two-0 (H20) 巡天探索早期星系形成和再电离时代

• 批准号: 2206844
• 负责人: David Sanders
• 金额: $ 34.36万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-10-01 至 2025-09-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2206844&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Exploring; Early; Galaxy

Understanding how and when galaxies form necessarily involves the study of incredibly distant and faint objects. Since spectroscopy of many hundreds of millions of extremely faint galaxies is not feasible currently, deep- and high-resolution imaging surveys covering many square degrees are the preferred method for identifying targets for spectroscopic follow-up. Images obtained through multiple filters spanning a wide wavelength range – in effect, a form of very low-resolution spectroscopy - can be used to derive important properties such as approximate redshifts (distances), stellar masses, and star formation activity, in addition to morphology and their environments. This award will support the completion and early analysis of the Hawaii Two-0 (H20) survey, an ultra- deep and multi-wavelength galaxy survey covering two contiguous 10-square degree regions of the sky in eight bands spanning 0.36 to 4.5 microns in wavelength. The survey includes follow-up spectroscopy with Keck and overlaps fields targeted for deep observations by the Euclid Space Telescope. The award also supports graduate student research, enables the participation of undergraduate and local high school students in research activities, develops general educational classes in Spanish, and multiple public outreach events.The H20 imaging data will provide the largest and only cosmologically significant sample for the foreseeable future and is expected to uncover 500,000 high-z Lyman Break galaxies, 12,000 quiescent systems and 50-100 proto-clusters at z= 3-7, with derived photometric redshifts, stellar masses, star formation rates and extinction. These data will provide the first definitive constraint on the evolution of massive high-z galaxies, a study of the mass function for different populations of galaxies as a function of redshift and environment, the identification of proto-clusters, and a search for rare objects believed responsible for re-ionizing the Universe during the initial epoch of galaxy formation. Guaranteed Keck spectroscopy will be used to find redshifts and calibrate photometric redshifts, confirm proto-clusters, measure the strength of the Ly-alpha lines to search for high- escape fraction objects and to measure spectral line diagnostics of galaxy physical parameters. Innovative data science techniques (e.g., self-organizing maps; SOMs) will be developed and applied to the multi-dimensional H20 data to extract maximum scientific information. The H20 catalogs will additionally be essential for building the Euclid calibration fields.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

了解星系形成的方式和何时必须涉及对不可思议的区分和微弱对象的研究。由于目前不可行的数亿个极度淡淡的星系的光谱法是不可行的，因此覆盖许多平方度的深层和高分辨率成像调查是识别光谱随访目标的首选方法。除形式及其环境外，还可以使用跨越宽波长范围的多个滤镜获得的图像 - 实际上，一种非常低分辨率光谱法的形式，可用于得出重要特性，例如近似红移（距离），距离（距离），出色的质量和星形形成活性。该奖项将支持对夏威夷两人2-0（H20）调查的完成和早期分析，这是一项超深和多波长的星系调查，涵盖了八个频段的八个频段，涵盖了两个波浪长度的八个频段的10平方英尺的天空区域。该调查包括凯克（Keck）和重叠字段的随访光谱，以欧几里得太空望远镜进行深入观察。 The award also supports graduate student research, enables the participation of undergraduate and local high school students in research activities, develops general educational classes in Spanish, and multiple public outreach events.The H20 imaging data will provide the largest and only cosmologically significant sample for the foreseeable future and is expected to uncover 500,000 high-z Lyman break galaxies, 12,000 quiescent systems and 50-100 proto-clusters at z= 3-7, with derived photometric红移，恒星质量，恒星形成率和延伸。这些数据将对大型高Z星系的演变提供第一个确定的限制，这是对不同星系群体的质量功能作为红移和环境的函数，原始群体的鉴定的函数，以及在最初的银河系层面上对宇宙进行恢复宇宙的搜索。保证的KECK光谱法将用于查找红移并校准光度红移，确认原始群体，测量Ly-Alpha线的强度以搜索高escape分数对象并测量星系物理参数的光谱线诊断。创新的数据科学技术（例如，自组织地图； SOM）将开发并应用于多维H20数据，以提取最大的科学信息。 H20目录对于建立欧几里得校准字段至关重要。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，被视为通过评估而被视为珍贵的支持。