NSF-BSF: Gravitational Waves From Compact Objects at Galactic Nuclei

NSF-BSF：来自星系核致密天体的引力波

基本信息

批准号：
2206428
负责人：
Smadar Naoz
金额：
$ 43.75万
依托单位：
University of California-Los Angeles
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2022
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2022-09-01 至 2025-08-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2206428&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
NSF BSF Gravitational Waves Compact

项目摘要

Recent direct detections of gravitational waves (GW) from merging binary black holes by the LIGO and Virgo GW detectors have transformed the way astronomers observe and understand the Universe. However, it is still an open question how these pairs of compact objects like black holes come together and get close enough to merge. One important channel is dynamical formation in dense star clusters. A research collaboration between the University of California-Los Angeles and the Hebrew University of Jerusalem in Israel will examine the formation, evolution, and gravitational wave emission of systems composed of compact object binaries in galactic nuclei , or the central regions of galaxies, which host some of the densest known stellar clusters in the universe. The project will include graduate and undergraduate students in the research. Additionally, the UCLA lead investigator will implement an original educational workshop, entitled ``California’s fUtuRe scIence lEaders (CURIE), PHysics & AStronomy for EveRyone (PHASOR)." This educational workshop is aimed at under-represented minority high schoolers in Los Angeles and will directly impact young students, showing them that STEM career paths are open to them. Expanding on a proof-of-concept study that outlined the possible GW sources in dense galactic cores, the researchers will analyze the physical processes that can either lead to or suppress the merger of compact objects. The work will include gravitational interactions between stars and the supermassive black hole (SMBH) at the galaxy center, general relativity, gravitational wave emission, and post-main sequence stellar evolution. The methodology will utilize a combined approach of secular (i.e., long-term, orbit averaged) and statistical approaches of the many-body interaction, as well as direct integration (i.e., N-body) effects. In particular, the SMBH can induce collisions and mergers between stars and compact objects, such as black holes and neutron stars. The study will predict the outcome of the dynamical formation of GW sources at galactic nuclei in the context of LIGO-Virgo and LISA observations and use the results to attempt to explain some of the exotic GW signals, such as the puzzling massive compact objects (e.g., GW190814 and GW190521). This project advances the goals of the NSF Windows on the Universe Big Idea.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

最近，LIGO 和 Virgo GW 探测器对合并双黑洞的引力波 (GW) 进行了直接探测，这改变了天文学家观察和理解宇宙的方式。然而，这些像黑洞这样的致密天体是如何产生的，仍然是一个悬而未决的问题。加州大学洛杉矶分校和以色列耶路撒冷希伯来大学之间的一项研究合作将研究密集星团的形成、演化和引力波。由星系核或星系中心区域的致密物体双星组成的系统的发射，其中包含宇宙中一些已知最密集的恒星团，该项目将包括加州大学洛杉矶分校的首席研究员。将举办一个原创教育研讨会，题为“加州未来科学领袖（CURIE），每个人的物理与天文学（PHASOR）”。研究人员将在一项概念验证研究的基础上进行扩展，该研究概述了致密星系核心中可能存在的引力波源，这将直接影响年轻学生，向他们表明 STEM 职业道路向他们开放。分析可能导致或抑制致密天体合并的物理过程，这项工作将包括恒星与星系中心超大质量黑洞（SMBH）之间的引力相互作用、广义相对论、引力波发射、该方法将利用多体相互作用的长期（即长期、轨道平均）和统计方法以及直接积分（即 N 体）效应的组合方法。特别是，超大质量黑洞可以引发恒星与致密天体（例如黑洞和中子星）之间的碰撞和合并。这项研究将预测在 LIGO-Virgo 和 LIGO-Virgo 背景下星系核中引力波源动态形成的结果。 LISA 观测并利用结果尝试解释一些奇异的引力波信号，例如令人费解的巨大致密天体（例如 GW190814 和 GW190521）。该项目推进了 NSF 宇宙大构想之窗的目标。该奖项由 NSF 授予。法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（3）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Quiescent and Active Galactic Nuclei as Factories of Merging Compact Objects in the Era of Gravitational Wave Astronomy

DOI：
10.3390/universe9030138
发表时间：
2023-02
期刊：
Universe
影响因子：
2.9
作者：
M. A. Sedda;S. Naoz;B. Kocsis
通讯作者：
M. A. Sedda;S. Naoz;B. Kocsis

Evidence of a Decreased Binary Fraction for Massive Stars within 20 milliparsecs of the Supermassive Black Hole at the Galactic Center

银河系中心超大质量黑洞 20 毫秒差距内大质量恒星双星分数减少的证据

DOI：
10.3847/1538-4357/acc93e
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
The Astrophysical Journal
影响因子：
0
作者：
Chu, Devin S.;Do, Tuan;Ghez, Andrea;Gautam, Abhimat K.;Ciurlo, Anna;O’neil, Kelly Kosmo;Hosek, Jr., Matthew W.;Hees, Aurélien;Naoz, Smadar;Sakai, Shoko
通讯作者：
Sakai, Shoko

A Stability Timescale for Nonhierarchical Three-body Systems