Advancing the Understanding of Compact Binary Formation Through Gravitational-Wave Observations

通过引力波观测增进对致密双星形成的理解

• 批准号: 2205920
• 负责人: Anuradha Gupta
• 金额: $ 39.81万
• 依托单位: University of Mississippi
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-08-01 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2205920&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Advancing; Understanding; Compact; Binary; Formation

Recent direct detections of gravitational waves (GW) from merging binary black holes (BBH) and binary neutron stars (BNS) by the LIGO and Virgo GW detectors have transformed the way astronomers observe and understand the Universe. Despite many detections of such compact object mergers and the wealth of information now available, astronomers still know very little about the formation mechanisms and environments of merging astrophysical objects. A research group at the University of Mississippi will use data from GW observations to gain a deeper understanding of such questions. This work is timely and will significantly enhance the scope of astrophysics and astronomy enabled by GW detectors. The researchers will strengthen the broader impact of this emerging area in science in two distinct ways. First, they will enhance the engagement of the local community of all ages in astronomy and astrophysics by conducting activities related to GW astronomy during the monthly campus Astronomy Open House. Second, they will introduce high school students to GW science and data analysis techniques through a week-long workshop every year, with a focus on attracting female students, students of color, and students of low socioeconomic status.The research team will develop methods and build accurate computer software codes to probe the full evolution history of precessing BBHs on both quasi-circular and eccentric orbits. In parallel, they will explore the formation scenarios of binaries that contain black holes in the low-mass gap (~3 – 5 solar masses). The state-of-the-art models and computationally optimized codes will allow them to constrain various formation channels of all three types of binary mergers (BBH, BNS, and neutron star-black hole), and their astrophysical environments. Measurement of spin precession in BBHs will be crucial in constraining these binaries’ formation channel as well as discriminating the relative contributions of each possible formation channel to the observed BBH population. Although there is no definite sign of eccentricity in GW data yet, any evidence for non-zero eccentricity in future detections will bring additional discriminatory power in distinguishing various formation channels as well as help in exploring the new ones. Furthermore, the development and testing of realistic astrophysical models for binaries hosting black holes (BHs) in the so-called low-mass gap can remove the discrepancy of these low-mass-gap BHs being confused with neutron stars and primordial BHs of similar masses.This project is jointly funded by the Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR), and the Windows on the Universe Big Idea, as this award advances the goals of Windows on the Universe.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

从合并二进制黑洞（BBH）和Ligo和处女座GW探测器的合并二进制黑洞（BBH）和二进制中子星（BNS）中对重力波（GW）的最新直接检测已改变了天文学家观察并理解宇宙的方式。尽管有很多发现这种紧凑的对象合并和现在可用的信息，但天文学家仍然对合并天体物理对象的形成机制和环境知之甚少。密西西比大学的一个研究小组将使用GW观测数据中的数据来深入了解此类问题。这项工作是及时的，将大大提高GW探测器实现的天体物理学和天文学的范围。研究人员将以两种不同的方式增强新兴领域在科学中的广泛影响。首先，他们将通过在每月校园天文学开放日内进行与GW天文学有关的活动，从而增强各个年龄段的当地社区在天文学和天体物理学中的参与。其次，他们将通过为期一周的研讨会向高中生介绍GW科学和数据分析技术，重点是吸引女学生，有色人种的学生以及低社会经济状况的学生。研究团队将开发方法，并建立准确的计算机软件代码，以探测Quasi-Circicelor Orbit和Eccircient orbits ofercient orbits的全面进化历史。同时，他们将探索在低质量间隙（〜3 - 5太阳能物质）中包含黑洞的二进制组的形成场景。最先进的模型和计算优化的代码将使它们能够约束所有三种类型的二进制合并（BBH，BNS和Neutron Star-Black Hole）的各种地层通道及其天体物理环境。尽管尚无确定的GW数据中偏心率的确定迹象，但BBHS中预防自旋预防的测量对于限制这些二进制文件至关重要，但在未来检测中，任何非零偏心率的证据都将带来其他歧视性能力，在区分各种地层通道方面以及探索新的偏心方面都会带来其他歧视性。此外，在所谓的低质量差距中托管黑洞（BHS）的现实天体物理模型的开发和测试可以消除这些低质量差异BHS的差异，与中性星星和类似群众的原始项目相混淆。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准来评估的。

项目成果

Constraining properties of asymmetric dark matter candidates from gravitational-wave observations

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.107.083037
• 发表时间: 2022-10
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Divya Singh;Anuradha Gupta;E. Berti;S. Reddy;B. Sathyaprakash

Distinguishing binary black hole precessional morphologies with gravitational wave observations

用引力波观测区分双黑洞进动形态

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.108.103003
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Johnson-McDaniel, Nathan K.;Phukon, Khun Sang;Krishnendu, N. V.;Gupta, Anuradha
• 通讯作者: Gupta, Anuradha

Inferring spin tilts of binary black holes at formation with plus-era gravitational wave detectors

使用超时代引力波探测器推断双黑洞形成时的自旋倾斜

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.109.043002
• 发表时间: 2024
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Kulkarni, Sumeet;Johnson-McDaniel, Nathan K.;Phukon, Khun Sang;Krishnendu, N. V.;Gupta, Anuradha
• 通讯作者: Gupta, Anuradha

Numerical relativity estimates of the remnant recoil velocity in binary neutron star mergers

• DOI: 10.1103/physrevd.108.103023
• 发表时间: 2023-08
• 期刊: Physical Review D
• 影响因子: 5
• 作者: Sumeet Kulkarni;Surendra Padamata;Anuradha Gupta;D. Radice;R. Kashyap