Collaborative Research: NSFGEO-NERC: Integrated Characterization of Energy, Clouds, Atmospheric state, and Precipitation at Summit: Measurements along Lagrangian Transects

合作研究：NSFGEO-NERC：能源、云、大气状态和山顶降水的综合表征：沿拉格朗日断面的测量

• 批准号: 2137098
• 负责人: Robert Hawley
• 金额: $ 33.63万
• 依托单位: Dartmouth College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-12-15 至 2024-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2137098&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; NSFGEO; NERC; Integrated

This is a project that is jointly funded by the National Science Foundation’s Directorate of Geosciences (NSF/GEO) and the National Environment Research Council (UKRI/NERC) of the United Kingdom (UK) via the NSF/GEO-NERC Lead Agency Agreement. This Agreement allows a single joint US/UK proposal to be submitted and peer-reviewed by the Agency whose investigator has the largest proportion of the budget. Upon successful joint determination of an award, each Agency funds the proportion of the budget and the investigators associated with its own proposals and component of the work.This research project continues an 11-year field experiment called the Integrated Characterization of Energy, Clouds, Atmospheric state, and Precipitation at Summit (ICECAPS) and adds measurements along Lagrangian transects (ICECAPS-MELT). The project is an international collaboration that has been operating ground-based instruments at Summit Station in Greenland since 2010, taking observations of the atmosphere to advance understanding of cloud properties, radiation and surface energy, and precipitation processes over the Greenland Ice Sheet. It is an important time to make these observations because Greenland is undergoing changes due to rapid shifts in Arctic climate. The current project continues the observations made at Summit Station and expands measurements along transects to another important region of Greenland called the percolation zone. In this zone, melt water is generated at the surface, where it can percolate down into the snow and then refreeze. This creates ice layers that can cause additional melt water to move horizontally rather than vertically. It is important to understand these processes because melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet is a significant contributor to global sea level, which is predicted to impact humans significantly over the next century.This new ICECAPS-MELT project complements the ICECAPS Summit observatory by building a new mobile observatory for measuring parameters of the surface mass and energy budgets of the Greenland Ice Sheet. This observatory uses a novel approach for unattended, autonomous operation by supporting instruments that require moderate power and internet bandwidth yet are quite like those operated at Summit Station. The new observatory measures surface mass and energy budget parameters, including precipitation, cloud properties, radiative and turbulent fluxes, near-surface meteorology, and subsurface temperatures and structure. To do this, the ICECAPS-MELT team deploys a precipitation radar, a cloud lidar, a microwave radiometer, a ground-penetrating radar, and an automated surface flux station, which consume approximately 500 W of power under normal conditions. The project will lead to new insights into how parameters of the surface mass and energy budgets co-vary in space and time between this new observatory and the ongoing measurements at Summit. Trajectory analyses track the changes in air parcels as they ascend the Greenland Ice Sheet and pass over the two observational sites. The mobile observatory will be deployed in successive summers at Summit Station in the dry-snow zone and at the DYE-2 station in the percolation zone. If this project is successful, a network of these observatories will be proposed for future deployment in southwestern Greenland, which will provide new insights into how atmospheric properties and processes are coupled both spatially and temporally to the ice sheet’s surface and subsurface conditions over Greenland.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目由美国国家科学基金会地球科学理事会 (NSF/GEO) 和英国国家环境研究理事会 (UKRI/NERC) 通过 NSF/GEO-NERC 牵头机构协议共同资助。该协议允许美国/英国联合提案由其研究人员拥有最大预算比例的机构提交并进行同行评审。在成功联合确定资助后，每个机构将资助该比例的预算和相关研究人员。有自己的建议该研究项目继续进行为期 11 年的现场实验，称为能量、云、大气状态和山顶降水的综合表征 (ICECAPS)，并增加了沿拉格朗日横断面的测量 (ICECAPS-MELT)。自 2010 年以来一直在格陵兰岛峰会站运行地面仪器的国际合作组织，通过对大气的观测来加深对云特性、辐射和表面能量以及格陵兰冰上的降水过程的了解由于北极气候的快速变化，格陵兰岛正在发生变化，因此现在是进行这些观测的重要时刻。当前的项目继续在峰会站进行观测，并将沿横断面的测量范围扩大到格陵兰岛的另一个重要区域，即渗透区。在这个区域，融水在地表产生，它可以渗透到雪中，然后重新冻结，这会形成冰层，导致额外的融水水平而不是垂直移动。了解这些过程很重要，因为融化。的格陵兰冰盖是全球海平面的重要贡献者，预计将在下个世纪对人类产生重大影响。这个新的 ICECAPS-MELT 项目通过建造一个新的移动观测站来测量表面质量和能量参数，对 ICECAPS Summit 观测站进行了补充该观测站采用了一种无人值守、自主运行的新颖方法，支持需要中等功率和互联网带宽的仪器，但与萨米特站运行的仪器非常相似，可以测量表面质量和温度。能量预算参数，包括降水、云特性、辐射和湍流通量、近地表气象以及地下温度和结构为此，ICECAPS-MELT 团队部署了降水雷达、云激光雷达、微波辐射计和地面。 -穿透雷达和自动表面通量站，在正常条件下消耗约 500 W 的功率，该项目将带来关于表面质量参数和能量预算如何在空间和时间上共同变化的新见解。在这个新的观测站和峰会正在进行的测量之间，轨迹分析跟踪空气团上升格陵兰冰盖并经过两个观测地点时的变化。移动观测站将在连续几个夏天部署在干燥的峰会站。如果该项目成功，将提议在格陵兰岛西南部部署这些观测站网络，这将为了解大气特性和过程提供新的见解。在空间和时间上与格陵兰岛冰盖的表面和地下条件耦合。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。