Collaborative Research: NSFGEO-NERC: Integrated Characterization of Energy, Clouds, Atmospheric state, and Precipitation at Summit: Measurements along Lagrangian Transects

合作研究：NSFGEO-NERC：能源、云、大气状态和山顶降水的综合表征：沿拉格朗日断面的测量

• 批准号: 2137098
• 负责人: Robert Hawley
• 金额: $ 33.63万
• 依托单位: Dartmouth College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-12-15 至 2024-11-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2137098&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; NSFGEO; NERC; Integrated

This is a project that is jointly funded by the National Science Foundation’s Directorate of Geosciences (NSF/GEO) and the National Environment Research Council (UKRI/NERC) of the United Kingdom (UK) via the NSF/GEO-NERC Lead Agency Agreement. This Agreement allows a single joint US/UK proposal to be submitted and peer-reviewed by the Agency whose investigator has the largest proportion of the budget. Upon successful joint determination of an award, each Agency funds the proportion of the budget and the investigators associated with its own proposals and component of the work.This research project continues an 11-year field experiment called the Integrated Characterization of Energy, Clouds, Atmospheric state, and Precipitation at Summit (ICECAPS) and adds measurements along Lagrangian transects (ICECAPS-MELT). The project is an international collaboration that has been operating ground-based instruments at Summit Station in Greenland since 2010, taking observations of the atmosphere to advance understanding of cloud properties, radiation and surface energy, and precipitation processes over the Greenland Ice Sheet. It is an important time to make these observations because Greenland is undergoing changes due to rapid shifts in Arctic climate. The current project continues the observations made at Summit Station and expands measurements along transects to another important region of Greenland called the percolation zone. In this zone, melt water is generated at the surface, where it can percolate down into the snow and then refreeze. This creates ice layers that can cause additional melt water to move horizontally rather than vertically. It is important to understand these processes because melting of the Greenland Ice Sheet is a significant contributor to global sea level, which is predicted to impact humans significantly over the next century.This new ICECAPS-MELT project complements the ICECAPS Summit observatory by building a new mobile observatory for measuring parameters of the surface mass and energy budgets of the Greenland Ice Sheet. This observatory uses a novel approach for unattended, autonomous operation by supporting instruments that require moderate power and internet bandwidth yet are quite like those operated at Summit Station. The new observatory measures surface mass and energy budget parameters, including precipitation, cloud properties, radiative and turbulent fluxes, near-surface meteorology, and subsurface temperatures and structure. To do this, the ICECAPS-MELT team deploys a precipitation radar, a cloud lidar, a microwave radiometer, a ground-penetrating radar, and an automated surface flux station, which consume approximately 500 W of power under normal conditions. The project will lead to new insights into how parameters of the surface mass and energy budgets co-vary in space and time between this new observatory and the ongoing measurements at Summit. Trajectory analyses track the changes in air parcels as they ascend the Greenland Ice Sheet and pass over the two observational sites. The mobile observatory will be deployed in successive summers at Summit Station in the dry-snow zone and at the DYE-2 station in the percolation zone. If this project is successful, a network of these observatories will be proposed for future deployment in southwestern Greenland, which will provide new insights into how atmospheric properties and processes are coupled both spatially and temporally to the ice sheet’s surface and subsurface conditions over Greenland.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

这是一个由国家科学基金会地球科学局（NSF/GEO）和英国国家环境研究委员会（UK）（UK）（UK）共同资助的项目。该协议允许该机构提交和同行评审的一项联合提案，其调查员的预算比例最大。成功确定奖励后，每个机构都为预算的比例和与其自己的建议和工作组成部分相关的研究人员提供了资金。本研究项目继续进行了11年的现场实验，称为“能源，云，大气，大气状态和峰会）的综合表征（ICECAPS）（ICECAPS），并沿着Lagrangian crangangian crangections（ICecaps）进行了测量。该项目是一项国际合作，自2010年以来一直在格陵兰郡的Summit Station运营地面仪器，对大气进行了观察，以提高人们对格陵兰冰盖上的云属性，辐射和表面能量以及降水过程的了解。这是进行这些观察结果的重要时机，因为格陵兰岛由于北极气候的快速变化而发生了变化。当前的项目继续在Summit站进行观察，并将测量结果扩展到绿地的另一个重要区域，称为渗透区。在该区域，在表面产生熔体水，可以在其中渗入雪，然后再冷冻。这会产生冰层，从而导致额外的熔体水水平移动而不是垂直移动。重要的是要了解这些过程，因为格陵兰冰盖的融化是全球海平面的重要原因，预计该过程将在下一个世纪产生重大影响。这项新的ICECAPS融合项目通过构建一个新的移动观察来完成ICECAPS融合项目，以测量用于测量Greenland Icepplyps表面质量和能量预算的新移动观察。该观察结果通过支持需要适度功率和互联网带宽的仪器来使用一种新颖的方法来进行无人看管的自主操作，但就像在萨米特站运行的工具一样。新的观测值衡量表面质量和能量预算参数，包括降水，云特性，辐射和湍流通量，近地表气象以及地下温度和结构。为此，ICECAPS融合的团队部署了降水辐射，云激光圈，微波辐射计，接地式辐射辐射和一个自动化的表面通量站，在正常条件下消耗了大约500 W的功率。该项目将导致对表面质量和能量预算的参数如何在这种新观察和峰会正在进行的测量之间共同变化的新见解。轨迹分析在登上格陵兰冰盖并穿过两个观测部位时会跟踪空气包裹的变化。移动观察将在干燥区域的萨米特（Summit）和渗透区的Dye-2站的成功夏季部署。如果该项目成功，将提出这些观察的网络，以供西南格陵兰岛的未来部署，该网络将提供新的见解，即在空间和临时在冰盖表面和地面条件上如何耦合到格陵兰岛上的表面和地面条件，这表明NSF的法定任务和众多的依据是众多的支持者，这表明了这一奖项的范围。