EAGER: Climatic influences on migratory fidelity

EAGER：气候对迁徙保真度的影响

• 批准号: 2135479
• 负责人: Joshua Miller
• 金额: $ 20万
• 依托单位: University of Cincinnati Main Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-01 至 2024-06-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2135479&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: EAGER; Climatic; influences; migratory; fidelity

How animals may respond to climate change is a central and controversial issue in ecology. This project will examine how antlers shed by caribou in northern Alaska can reveal how much females have changed the location of where they give birth (their “calving grounds”) as climate has shifted over decades and centuries. This is made possible by the simple facts that females grow antlers every year and shed them within days of giving birth and that the shed antlers do not break down. Lasting for centuries, they can be found, collected and analyzed to reveal when they were shed. The researcher will link that information with separate records of climate at the time each female gave birth. The antlers can also reveal patterns of migration. The key point is that this simple approach allows one to measure the influence of climate across time scales that match those of natural climate cycles. Complicated models with many assumptions are unnecessary. This work benefits society by providing data to help manage caribou populations. The researcher will foster communication between scientists, managers, and policy makers in the USA and Canada. Finally, the project will support outreach and training activities for school-aged students in a village of the Gwich'in Indigenous Nation near the Arctic Refuge, as well as primary school, college, and graduate students in Cincinnati, Ohio.This project uses shed female caribou antlers sampled from the Coastal Plain calving grounds of the Porcupine Caribou Herd (Arctic Refuge) to identify how the geographic distribution of calving grounds has changed through time. The central hypothesis is that variability in reproductively-tied landscape use (i.e., calving grounds) is strongly influenced by climate. For each antler, date-of-shed will be estimated using a combination of radiocarbon dating and time-calibrated states of bone decay. Changes in the geographic distribution of calving grounds across decadal- to centennial-timescales will be paired with records of the Arctic Oscillation to test the roles of climate on migratory fidelity and to evaluate impacts of current climate trajectories on future long-distance (caribou) migration. The aims of this research are to (1) establish a whole-antler model for determining sex of unknown caribou antlers, (2) establish the stages and rates of arctic bone weathering, and (3) quantify the climatic influences on the geographic variability of caribou calving grounds. More broadly, this work will highlight bone accumulations as sources of decadal- to centennial-scale data on population biology -- a resource with potential to dramatically expand the timescales with which many aspects of population and community ecology are studied.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

动物如何应对气候变化是生态学中的一个核心且有争议的问题。该项目将研究阿拉斯加北部的驯鹿如何揭示女性的生育位置（他们的“产犊场”）的位置，因为气候已经发生了数十年和几个世纪的变化。女性每年生长鹿角并在分娩后的几天内脱落，而棚子不会崩溃的简单事实使这是可能的。持续了几个世纪，可以找到，收集和分析它们何时被脱掉。研究人员将在每个女性出生时将这些信息与单独的气候记录联系起来。鹿角还可以揭示迁移模式。关键点是，这种简单的方法允许人们在与自然气候周期相匹配的时间尺度上测量气候的影响。具有许多假设的复杂模型是不必要的。这项工作通过提供数据来帮助管理驯鹿种群来使社会受益。研究人员将促进美国和加拿大的科学家，经理和政策制定者之间的沟通。最后，该项目将支持在北极避难所附近的瓜奇土著国家的校学生的外展和培训活动随着时间的流逝。中心假设是，生殖式景观使用（即产犊场）的变化受到气候的强烈影响。对于每个鹿角，将使用放射性碳日期和骨去骨的时间校准状态的结合来估算隔离日期。跨十年至百年纪念的产犊场地地理分布的变化将与北极振荡的记录相结合，以测试气候在迁移忠诚度中的作用，并评估当前气候轨迹对未来长距离迁移（CARIBOU）迁移的影响。这项研究的目的是（1）建立一个用于确定未知驯鹿鹿角的性别的全局部模型，（2）建立北极骨骼风化的阶段和速率，以及（3）量化气候对驯鹿产犊地理差异的影响。 More broadly, this work will highlight bone accumulations as sources of decadal- to centennial-scale data on population biology -- a resource with potential to dramatically expand the timescales with which many aspects of population and community ecology are studied.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

项目成果

When did mammoths go extinct?

• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-022-05416-3
• 发表时间: 2022-12
• 期刊: NATURE
• 影响因子: 64.8
• 作者: Miller, Joshua H.;Simpson, Carl
• 通讯作者: Simpson, Carl

Shed female caribou antlers extend records of calving activity on the Arctic National Wildlife Refuge by millennia

• DOI: 10.3389/fevo.2022.1059456
• 发表时间: 2023-02-08
• 期刊: FRONTIERS IN ECOLOGY AND EVOLUTION
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Miller，Joshua H.;Wald，Eric J.;Druckenmiller，Patrick
• 通讯作者: Druckenmiller，Patrick