Stream Corridor Hydrologic Controls on Carbon Dioxide Fluxes

河流廊道水文对二氧化碳通量的控制

基本信息

批准号：
2103520
负责人：
Matthew Winnick
金额：
$ 36.85万
依托单位：
University of Massachusetts Amherst
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-07-01 至 2024-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2103520&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Stream Corridor Hydrologic Controls Carbon

项目摘要

Rivers and streams are increasingly recognized as important sources of greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) to the atmosphere; however, the full magnitude of emissions and the processes that control them remain highly uncertain. This project will combine innovative field characterizations of stream hydrology and carbon processing with advanced computer models to improve our ability to predict and scale stream CO2 fluxes. Results of this research will advance our understanding of an important component of the global carbon cycle and the ability to monitor changes into the future, and generated computer models will be made publicly available. This research will also comprise the training of a PhD student and undergraduate researcher, and it will serve as the focus of a 1-day educational module for a diverse group of high school students through the Rocky Mountain Biological Laboratory’s summer Field Biology course.The primary objective of this project is to develop quantitative models of stream corridor hydrologic processes, their controls on watershed-level stream CO2 fluxes, and their spatial and temporal modes of variability. Through intensive field monitoring of the upper East River watershed in the Colorado Rocky Mountains, the project will address a number of research goals: (1) Provide direct observations of groundwater inputs to streams using high resolution temperature mapping and geochemical characterization to understand their contributions to CO2 fluxes and role in driving spatiotemporal variability through connectivity and flowpath variations; (2) Disentangle in-stream CO2 production between water-column and hyporheic zone sources and characterize the dominant processes that control CO2 exchange with the hyporheic zone through a series of reach-scale monitoring efforts and tracer release experiments; (3) Incorporate process-based representations of groundwater inputs and stream corridor production, along with transport and turbulent gas exchange, into reach- and watershed-scale stream network models of CO2 to improve predictions and monitoring of stream concentrations and fluxes.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

人们越来越认识到河流和溪流是大气中二氧化碳 (CO2) 等温室气体的重要来源；然而，排放量和控制排放的过程仍然高度不确定，该项目将结合河流水文学的创新现场特征。利用先进的计算机模型进行碳处理，以提高我们预测和衡量二氧化碳通量的能力。这项研究的结果将增进我们对全球碳循环重要组成部分的理解以及监测未来变化的能力，并生成计算机模型。这项研究将公开。还包括对博士生和本科生研究员的培训，并将通过落基山生物实验室的夏季野外生物学课程，作为针对不同高中生群体的为期 1 天的教育模块的重点。该课程的主要目标该项目旨在通过对科罗拉多落基山脉东河上游流域的密集实地监测，开发河流廊道水文过程的定量模型、流域水平河流二氧化碳通量的控制及其时空变化模式。将解决一些研究问题目标：(1) 使用高分辨率温度测绘和地球化学特征来直接观测流入溪流的地下水，以了解其对二氧化碳通量的贡献以及通过连通性和流路变化在驱动时空变化中的作用；(2) 理清溪流中二氧化碳的产生情况； (3) 融入流程化将地下水输入和河流走廊生产以及运输和湍流气体交换的表示形式纳入河段和流域规模的二氧化碳河流网络模型中，以改进对河流浓度和通量的预测和监测。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并被视为值得通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估来支持。