OCE-PRF- Deleterious mutational load in climate driven marine range expansions

OCE-PRF-气候驱动的海洋范围扩张中的有害突变负荷

• 批准号: 2127466
• 负责人: Remy Gatins
• 金额: $ 30.43万
• 依托单位: Northeastern University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-11-01 至 2024-10-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2127466&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: OCE; PRF; Deleterious; mutational; load

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2).Species range expansions are occurring across the globe at unprecedented rates as global warming continues to accelerate, and even more so in marine species. In general, range expansions occur by a series of colonization events in waves of a few dispersed individuals at a time. This leads to the establishment of a new population that originates from few individuals, resulting in a small non-random representation of the genetic variation from the original population – a process known as founder effect. As a result of founder effects, a deleterious mutation that arises at the range edge disperses to a newly expanded habitat and can rapidly increase in frequency within the new population (i.e., expansion load), leading to a loss in fitness. This process is enhanced during range expansion due to the small population sizes and low genetic variation present to select against the new mutation. Fishing triggers similar evolutionary dynamics of population declines and lower genetic diversity, similarly increasing expansion loads. Marine species experience faster range expansions than terrestrial species due to their high dispersal ability and are heavily impacted by fishing pressure, yet, the interaction of both these processes have yet to be elucidated in a marine species. Quantifying the load of deleterious mutations is critical for conservation and management, because they can limit a population’s adaptability and survival. With climate change expected to continue, more species will experience range-shifts at unprecedented rates, making it imperative to document current genetic diversity and understand the genetic basis of populations at the forefront of their expanded range. This project will fund the early career development of an NSF Ocean Sciences Postdoctoral Fellow and will support the research, training, mentorship, and professional development of the fellow. To enhance the broader impacts and utility of this work, the fellow will disseminate results to the scientific community, the local fishing community and fishery management officials (e.g., NOAA, Manomet, Atlantic States Marine Fisheries Commission). Additionally, this project will increase participation of traditionally underrepresented groups in science through: (1) undergraduate student mentorship, (2) outreach seminars for students in local community colleges, and (3) outreach with the local community.The rapid accumulation of genetic mutations – and in particular deleterious mutations in edge populations – remains largely understudied during range expansions. This study presents a unique opportunity to test the evolutionary theory of the accumulation of deleterious mutations in a rapid climate-driven range expansion and harvested marine fish, Black Sea Bass (Centropristis striata). Using a combination of genome-wide data, fitness tests, and quantitative modeling approaches, the following hypotheses will be tested: H1- (Higher load at range edge) C. striata will show a greater expansion load in coding regions at the range expansion front compared to the historical range center and edge populations; H2- (Decreased fitness at range edge) range expanding populations with a greater expansion load will show evidence of decreased fitness-related traits; H3- (Load exacerbated by fishing) overfishing will exacerbate the accumulation of deleterious mutational load in expanding populations. If results support the hypotheses (i.e., higher loads and decreased fitness are found at the expanding-front), as predicted by theory, they will have widespread implications for marine conservation strategies in a rapidly changing climate. However, if these hypotheses are rejected, the data will challenge existing scientific assumptions, suggesting marine systems undergo different processes. This integrative dataset will advance understanding of climate-driven range expansions and the interactive effects of climate change and fishing pressure on marine species, such as Black Sea Bass.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项是根据2021年《美国救援计划法》的全部或部分资助（公共法117-2）。随着全球变暖的继续加速，种类范围扩大以前所未有的速度进行，而在海洋物种中甚至更多。通常，范围扩展是通过一次分散个体的波浪中的一系列殖民事件发生。这导致建立了一个源自很少个人的新人群，从而导致对原始人群的遗传变异的微小非随机代表，这是一种称为创始人效应的过程。由于创始人效应的结果，在边缘范围内产生的有害突变分散到新扩展的栖息地，并可以在新人群内（即扩展负荷）迅速增加频率，从而导致健身损失。由于人口量较小，并且存在较低的遗传变异，因此在范围扩展期间，此过程得到了增强。捕鱼触发人群的类似进化动力学下降，遗传多样性下降，同样增加了膨胀负荷。海洋物种由于其高分散能力而经历的范围比陆地物种更快，并且受捕捞压力的影响很大，但是，这两个过程的相互作用尚未在海洋物种中阐明。量化有害突变的负载对于保护和管理至关重要，因为它们可以限制人口的适应性和生存。随着预计气候变化的继续，更多的物种将以前所未有的速度体验范围割缘，因此必须记录当前的遗传多样性，并了解人口在扩大范围的最前沿的遗传基础。该项目将资助NSF海洋科学博士后研究员的早期职业发展，并将支持该研究员的研究，培训，指导和专业发展。为了增强这项工作的更广泛的影响和效用，该研究员将向科学界，当地捕鱼社区和渔业管理官员（例如NOAA，Manom​​et，Atlantic State Marine Fisheries Commission）传播结果。此外，该项目将通过以下方式通过以下方式增加传统代表性的科学中代表性不足的群体的参与，（1）学生的心态，（2）当地社区大学的学生的外展仪式，以及（3）与当地社区的宣传。遗传突变的快速积累 - 尤其是在Edge种群中删除的 - 在范围扩张中仍然很广泛地理解。这项研究提供了一个独特的机会，可以测试在快速气候驱动的范围扩展和收获的海洋鱼类，黑海鲈鱼（CentRopristis Striata）中删除突变积累的进化论。使用全基因组数据，健身测试和定量建模方法的组合，将测试以下假设：H1-（范围边缘的较高负载）C. striata将显示与历史范围中心和边缘群体相比，在范围扩展界面的编码区域的扩张负载更大； H2-（范围边缘的适应度降低）范围扩大种群，并具有更大的膨胀载荷，将显示与适应性相关性状降低的证据； H3-（因捕鱼而加剧的负荷）过度捕捞将加剧不断扩大的种群中有害突变负荷的积累。如从理论上预测的那样，如果结果支持假设（即在扩展的范围内发现较高的负载和扩展的健身度），那么它们将在迅速变化的气候下对海洋保护策略具有宽敞的影响。但是，如果这些假设被拒绝，数据将挑战现有的科学假设，这表明海洋系统会经历不同的过程。该综合数据集将进一步了解气候驱动的范围扩展以及气候变化和捕鱼压力对海洋物种的互动效果，例如黑海鲈鱼。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准通过评估来评估的。