Dual gas tracer measurements during the Central Baltic Sea Air-Sea Exchange Experiment (CenBASE)

波罗的海中部海气交换实验 (CenBASE) 期间的双气体示踪剂测量

• 批准号: 2123997
• 负责人: David Ho
• 金额: $ 26.03万
• 依托单位: University of Hawaii
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-15 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2123997&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Dual; gas; tracer; measurements; during

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2). The process that controls the exchange of gases between the atmosphere and the ocean plays an important role in regulating global climate, since it influences the amount of atmospheric greenhouse gases and aerosol precursors. Once in the atmosphere, these substances influence global and regional climate. Over the past 30 years, significant advances have been made in understanding this process in the open ocean away from the coasts, and how wind speed controls this process. These advances are mainly due to improvements in experimental techniques, and a number of successful scientific experiments in the open ocean. However, it is not clear if the same understanding applies to inland seas like the Baltic Sea. There, the presence of surfactants, which are biological and chemical substances that concentrate at the sea surface, and the lower salinity, could influence how wind affects this process in a different way than in the open ocean. In this project, a team of investigators will conduct an experiment that aims to assess these processes in the Baltic and compare them to previous experiments in the open ocean.The Central Baltic Sea Air-Sea Exchange Experiment (CenBASE) is a collaboration between scientists from the US, UK, and Germany to measure gas exchange rates in the central Baltic Sea on the German research vessel Elisabeth Mann Borgeseat. This proposal will provide funding to US scientists to make measurements of two gas tracers used to determine the gas exchange rate. German scientists are independently funded to measure surfactants, and make direct flux measurements of carbon dioxide and dimethyl sulfide, as well as make continuous measurements of pCO2, CH4, N2O, O2, and CO in the sea surface, and discrete measurements of dissolved inorganic carbon, total alkalinity, and pH in the water column. A UK colleague will make measurements of bubble size distribution. The ultimate goals of CenBASE are to determine whether the relationship between wind speed and gas exchange in the open ocean also applies to inland seas like the Baltic, shed new light on the effect of natural surfactants on gas exchange, and examine whether different techniques for measuring gas exchange are in agreement.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项的全部或部分资金根据《2021 年美国救援计划法案》（公法 117-2）提供。控制大气和海洋之间气体交换的过程在调节全球气候方面发挥着重要作用，因为它影响大气温室气体和气溶胶前体的数量。一旦进入大气层，这些物质就会影响全球和区域气候。过去 30 年来，人们在了解远离海岸的公海中的这一过程以及风速如何控制这一过程方面取得了重大进展。这些进步主要归功于实验技术的改进以及在公海进行的一系列成功的科学实验。然而，尚不清楚同样的理解是否适用于波罗的海等内海。在那里，表面活性剂（一种集中在海面的生物和化学物质）的存在以及较低的盐度可能会影响风对这一过程的影响，其方式与在公海中不同。在这个项目中，一组研究人员将进行一项实验，旨在评估波罗的海的这些过程，并将其与之前在公海进行的实验进行比较。波罗的海中部海气交换实验（CenBASE）是来自来自不同国家的科学家之间的合作项目。美国、英国和德国在德国研究船伊丽莎白·曼·博格西特上测量波罗的海中部的天然气汇率。该提案将为美国科学家提供资金，以测量两种用于确定气体交换率的气体示踪剂。德国科学家独立资助测量表面活性剂，直接测量二氧化碳和二甲硫醚的通量，以及连续测量海面的 pCO2、CH4、N2O、O2 和 CO，以及离散测量溶解的无机碳、总碱度和水柱中的 pH 值。一位英国同事将测量气泡尺寸分布。 CenBASE 的最终目标是确定公海风速与气体交换之间的关系是否也适用于波罗的海等内海，为天然表面活性剂对气体交换的影响提供新的线索，并研究是否可以使用不同的测量技术该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。