Collaborative Research: Testing the reduction of aerobic habitat as a common kill mechanism for major mass extinction events

合作研究：测试有氧栖息地的减少作为重大大规模灭绝事件的常见杀伤机制

• 批准号: 2121279
• 负责人: Ariel Anbar
• 金额: $ 23.15万
• 依托单位: Arizona State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-09-01 至 2026-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2121279&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Testing; reduction; aerobic

The project will study the response of marine animal ecosystems to environmental change using three mass extinction events from the geological record as study systems. Specifically, the project will test the hypothesis that a large proportion of extinction during these events can be explained by the stresses that elevated temperatures and reduced oxygen availability place on animal respiration. Geochemical data will be used to constrain computer simulations of changing ocean conditions during these mass extinction events. Results from laboratory studies on animal respiration will then be paired with fossil data to assess whether differences in extinction intensity in space and across taxonomic groups can be explained by spatial variation in environmental change or differences among taxonomic groups in their ability to withstand environmental change. The project will provide interdisciplinary training to a group of graduate students and post-docs. It will further impact STEM education through the creation of a website that will allow access to model results so that students can visualize and explore model output to understand cause-effect relationships between continental configuration, ocean conditions, and biological diversity. The investigators will also offer short-courses on Earth system modeling and data interpretation at major conferences that will be recorded for asynchronous use. The project will also involve the development of a podcast series addressing how we reconstruct the ancient Earth system and use these reconstructions to better understand the present and predict the future.In this project, the hypothesis will be tested that the loss of habitat through constraints on aerobic respiration under climate change and ocean deoxygenation can explain the magnitude, taxonomic selectivity, and latitude variation in intensity for the Late Devonian (Frasnian-Fammenian), end-Permian, and end-Triassic mass extinction events. Paleoredox and paleoclimate proxy data and geochemical indicators of diagenetic alteration will be used for both global average and local conditions before and after each major event combined with predictions from Earth system models and occurrence data from the fossil record of marine animals to separate aspects of extinction than can be explained by physiological stress from those that require other explanations.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目将使用地质记录作为研究系统的三个质量灭绝事件研究海洋动物生态系统对环境变化的反应。具体而言，该项目将检验以下假设：在这些事件期间，很大一部分灭绝可以通过升高温度和降低动物呼吸中氧气可用性的压力来解释。地球化学数据将用于限制这些大规模灭绝事件中改变海洋状况的计算机模拟。然后，实验室呼吸研究的结果将与化石数据配对，以评估是否可以通过环境变化的空间变化或分类群体之间的差异来解释空间和跨分类学组的灭绝强度差异。该项目将向一群研究生和教育生物提供跨学科的培训。它将通过创建网站来进一步影响STEM教育，该网站将允许访问模型结果，以便学生可以可视化和探索模型输出，以了解大陆配置，海洋条件和生物多样性之间的因果关系。研究人员还将在主要会议上提供有关地球系统建模和数据解释的缩写，这些会议将被记录为异步使用。该项目还将涉及播客系列的开发，以解决我们如何重建古代地球系统，并使用这些重建来更好地理解当前并预测未来。在该项目中，将检验，通过在气候变化下对有氧呼吸的限制，栖息地的丧失在气候变化和海洋中可以解释幅度，分类的选择性，latiiverition，latioriestion，latioriestion and Latiivision intiriative of tate offection oferative oferative oferative oferative oferative of Sepletion and latitive int interiative in （Frasnian-Fammenian），最终的佩尔米亚语和最终三角体大规模灭绝事件。古质氧和古气候的替代数据以及成分变化的变化的地球化学指标将用于全球平均平均和当地条件，每个重大事件之前和之后，每个重大事件与地球系统模型的预测以及海洋动物的化石记录中的预测以及灭绝的化石记录的发生数据相结合，与其他需要通过的授权来解释。利用基金会的知识分子和更广泛的影响审查标准。