The development of settlement patterns and the cultural landscape in the environs of the Heuneburg during the Hallstatt and Early Latène periods

哈尔施塔特和早期拉特纳时期霍伊内堡环境中聚落模式和文化景观的发展

• 批准号: 248075961
• 负责人: Professor Dr. Dirk Lutz Krausse
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Landesamt für Denkmalpflege
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 资助国家: 德国
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/248075961?language=en
• 关键词: development; settlement; patterns; cultural; landscape

For many decades the Heuneburg has enjoyed a key role in national and international research on the Iron Age. The excavations on the high plateau financed by the DFG in the 1950s to 1970s and the work carried out in the area of the lower town and the outer settlement in the years 2004 to 2010 not only deepened our understanding of the Heuneburg itself and the "princely seats", but also contributed significantly to the design of research into the cultural background and processes of the Hallstatt period.The investigations and the often surprising new discoveries of recent years (e.g. stone gate, wooden bridge, outer settlement, Alte Burg, Hallstatt period road, tomb of a girl and wooden chamber grave at Bettelbühl) all bear imposing witness to just how much we can still learn from the Heuneburg, as well as to its enormous research potential for a long-term project: Almost no research has been conducted on the further environment of the Heuneburg and the question of the economic, social and ritual relationships and the transport routes between the central place and the surrounding area. One of the main aims of the long-term project is therefore the investigation of the development of regional rural settlement structures (open farmsteads, hamlets) during the Hallstatt and Early Latène periods. In order to achieve this, systematic field walking, large-scale geophysical prospection and targeted excavations of rural settlements in two transects that cover different natural environments will be carried out. Nor has any research been carried out on the relationships of the other hillforts, both with their own subregional surroundings and with the Heuneburg itself. The surveys and excavations that are planned to this end as part of the long-term project will provide the necessary basis for the dating of the hillforts sites, as well as for an understanding of their development and their function. Priority in this will be placed on testing the hypothesis of a hierarchical centralisation. For the first time the development of the region in the Early Latène period is to be researched, that is in the period immediately after the abandonment of the Heuneburg. Recent discoveries suggest that the monumental fortifications and the massive tumuli continued to be a lasting factor that shaped the ritual landscape well into the Early and Middle Latène periods. Finally, as regards research on the extensive outer settlement, there is still an urgent need for further work, for it is only through systematic investigation of the particularly well preserved areas that reliable conclusions can be drawn about its internal structure and about the chronological arrangement of the structural elements.

几十年来，Heuneburg 在国内和国际铁器时代研究中发挥着重要作用，20 世纪 50 年代至 70 年代由 DFG 资助的高原发掘工作以及在下城和地区开展的工作。 2004年至2010年的外部定居点不仅加深了我们对霍伊内堡本身和“王座”的了解，而且对文化背景和设计研究做出了重大贡献。哈尔施塔特时期的过程。近年来的调查和经常令人惊讶的新发现（例如石门、木桥、外部定居点、老堡、哈尔施塔特时期的道路、女孩墓和贝特尔布尔的木室坟墓）都是令人印象深刻的见证我们仍然可以从 Heuneburg 学到多少东西，以及它对于长期项目的巨大研究潜力：几乎没有对 Heuneburg 的进一步环境以及经济、社会和经济问题进行研究。因此，该长期项目的主要目标之一是调查哈尔施塔特和拉特纳早期地区农村聚落结构（开放式农庄、小村庄）的发展。为了实现这一目标，将在覆盖不同自然环境的两个样带中进行系统的野外行走、大规模的地球物理勘探和有针对性的挖掘，也没有对其他的关系进行任何研究。作为长期项目的一部分，为此计划进行的调查和挖掘将为山堡遗址的年代测定以及对山堡遗址的年代测定提供必要的基础。对它们的发展及其功能的理解将首先放在检验等级中央集权的假设上，这是第一次研究该地区在早期拉泰纳时期的发展，即紧随其后的时期。最近的发现表明，巨大的防御工事和巨大的古墓仍然是塑造拉特内早期和中期仪式景观的持久因素。最后，关于广泛的外部定居点的研究仍然存在。迫切需要进一步开展工作，因为只有通过对保存特别完好的区域进行系统调查，才能就其内部结构和结构要素的时间顺序得出可靠的结论。