CAREER: Sustainable Nitrogen Management across Spatial and System Scales

职业：跨空间和系统尺度的可持续氮管理

• 批准号: 2047165
• 负责人: Xin Zhang
• 金额: $ 51万
• 依托单位: University of Maryland Center for Environmental Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-03-01 至 2026-02-28
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2047165&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Sustainable; Nitrogen; Management; across

Managing nitrogen (N) is fundamental, yet challenging, for sustainable development. Nitrogen plays a critical role in boosting agriculture productivity but it has adverse impacts on the environment. Technologies and management practices have become increasingly available and affordable to improve the efficiency of N use in crop and livestock production, but limited improvement has been observed in environmental outcomes. For example, Nitrogen Use Efficiency (NUE) in crop production has significantly increased and N fertilizer use has leveled off in the U.S., but the dead zones in the Gulf of Mexico are still expanding, mostly driven by N and phosphorus (P) loaded from agriculture production. The improvement of N management in a crop or a livestock farm does not necessarily translate to N pollution reduction on a regional to global scale due to the complex responses of natural and human systems and lack of coordination among stakeholders and across spatial scales. This project will develop an N management framework that encompasses the complex N dynamics across systems and spatial scales, yet is simple enough to guide policies and actions of various stakeholders.This project includes the following activities: (1) Design a hierarchical framework across systems including Cropping system nested within Animal- crop system, which is nested within the Food system, and finally nested within Ecosystem (CAFE); (2) Develop N budget databases according to the CAFE system framework on various spatial scales for the past three decades, including county-, watershed-, national, and global scales, and identify major gaps in N management at each scale; (3) Develop a case study for the Chesapeake Bay watershed to implement the CAFE system framework, and characterize spatial and temporal variations of N budgets and their drivers: (4) Facilitate the co-development of models, indicators, and communication products by students and stakeholders in order to effectively inform decision-making on N management. This project will advance the knowledge in N cycles by establishing a theoretical framework for integrated N management across spatial and system scales, and applying it to unpack N challenges on multiple spatial scales. This approach, leveraging the most recent advances in N cycle studies in both ecological and social science disciplines, will track changes in N management performance over time and space, identify management and engineering gaps that have been often neglected, help enable innovative technological and policy solutions, and assist and coordinate decision- making by stakeholders. A course will be developed to provide students unique opportunities to work with stakeholders on co-developing communication products targeted for wide distribution and use. Models and indicators developed from this project will are planned for implementation through collaborations with Chesapeake Bay Program, Environmental Defense Fund, and several international organizations, seeking direct impact on policies and informing consumers and producers. The data, indicators, models, and course materials produced by this project will be made publicly available online for use by other scientists, educators, farm advisors and students.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

氮 (N) 管理对于可持续发展至关重要，但也具有挑战性。氮在提高农业生产力方面发挥着关键作用，但它对环境有不利影响。提高农作物和牲畜生产中氮肥利用效率的技术和管理实践已变得越来越可用且负担得起，但在环境成果方面却观察到有限的改善。例如，在美国，农作物生产中的氮利用效率（NUE）显着提高，氮肥使用量已趋于平稳，但墨西哥湾的死区仍在扩大，这主要是由来自美国的氮和磷（P）负荷驱动的。农业生产。由于自然和人类系统的复杂反应以及利益相关者之间和跨空间尺度的协调缺乏，农作物或畜牧场氮管理的改善并不一定能转化为区域到全球范围内氮污染的减少。该项目将开发一个氮管理框架，涵盖跨系统和空间尺度的复杂氮动态，但又足够简单，可以指导各个利益相关者的政策和行动。该项目包括以下活动：（1）设计一个跨系统的分层框架，包括种植系统嵌套在动物作物系统中，动物作物系统嵌套在食物系统中，最后嵌套在生态系统（CAFE）中； （2）根据CAFE系统框架，建立过去三十年不同空间尺度（包括县域、流域、国家和全球尺度）的氮素预算数据库，并找出各个尺度氮素管理的主要差距； (3) 开展切萨皮克湾流域案例研究，以实施 CAFE 系统框架，并描述氮预算的时空变化及其驱动因素： (4) 促进学生共同开发模型、指标和交流产品和利益相关者，以便有效地为氮管理决策提供信息。该项目将通过建立跨空间和系统尺度的综合氮管理理论框架来推进氮循环的知识，并应用它来解决多个空间尺度上的氮挑战。这种方法利用生态和社会科学学科中氮循环研究的最新进展，将跟踪氮管理绩效随时间和空间的变化，找出经常被忽视的管理和工程差距，帮助实现创新的技术和政策解决方案，协助和协调利益相关者的决策。将开发一门课程，为学生提供与利益相关者合作共同开发旨在广泛分发和使用的通信产品的独特机会。该项目开发的模型和指标将计划通过与切萨皮克湾计划、环境保护基金和几个国际组织的合作来实施，寻求对政策的直接影响并告知消费者和生产者。该项目产生的数据、指标、模型和课程材料将在网上公开提供，供其他科学家、教育工作者、农场顾问和学生使用。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准。

项目成果

Successful implementation of global targets to reduce nutrient and pesticide pollution requires suitable indicators

成功实施减少养分和农药污染的全球目标需要适当的指标

• DOI: 10.1038/s41559-023-02120-x
• 发表时间: 2023-10
• 期刊: Nature Ecology & Evolution
• 影响因子: 16.8
• 作者: Möhring, Niklas;Kanter, David;Aziz, Tariq;Castro, Italo B.;Maggi, Federico;Schulte;Seufert, Verena;Tang, Fiona H.;Zhang, Xin;Leadley, Paul
• 通讯作者: Leadley, Paul

Assessing Multi‐Dimensional Impacts of Achieving Sustainability Goals by Projecting the Sustainable Agriculture Matrix Into the Future

通过预测未来可持续农业矩阵来评估实现可持续发展目标的多维影响

• DOI: 10.1029/2022ef003323
• 发表时间: 2023-10
• 期刊: Earth's Future
• 作者: Kyle, Page;Ollenburger, Mary;Zhang, Xin;Niazi, Hassan;Durga, Siddarth;Ou, Yang
• 通讯作者: Ou, Yang

Using ammonia as a shipping fuel could disturb the nitrogen cycle

使用氨作为运输燃料可能会扰乱氮循环

• DOI: 10.1038/s41560-022-01124-4
• 发表时间: 2022-12
• 期刊: Nature Energy
• 影响因子: 56.7
• 作者: Wolfram, Paul;Kyle, Page;Zhang, Xin;Gkantonas, Savvas;Smith, Steven
• 通讯作者: Smith, Steven

Implication of imposing fertilizer limitations on energy, agriculture, and land systems

施肥限制对能源、农业和土地系统的影响

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2021.114391
• 发表时间: 2022-03
• 期刊: Journal of Environmental Management
• 影响因子: 8.7
• 作者: Sinha, Eva;Calvin, Katherine V.;Kyle, Page G.;Hejazi, Mohamad I.;Waldhoff, Stephanie T.;Huang, Maoyi;Vishwakarma, Srishti;Zhang, Xin
• 通讯作者: Zhang, Xin

Different quantification approaches for nitrogen use efficiency lead to divergent estimates with varying advantages

氮利用效率的不同量化方法导致不同优势的不同估计

• DOI: 10.1038/s43016-021-00263-3
• 发表时间: 2021-04
• 期刊: Nature Food
• 影响因子: 23.2
• 作者: Quan, Zhi;Zhang, Xin;Fang, Yunting;Davidson, Eric A.
• 通讯作者: Davidson, Eric A.