CAREER: Tunable superconductor materials for quantum information processing using pairs of Majorana zero modes

职业：使用马约拉纳零模式对进行量子信息处理的可调谐超导材料

• 批准号: 2046648
• 负责人: Peng Wei
• 金额: $ 80.47万
• 依托单位: University of California-Riverside
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-07-01 至 2026-06-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2046648&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Tunable; superconductor; materials; quantum

Non-technical abstract:Quantum computing, which leverages quantum mechanical processes for information storage and manipulation, is expected to surpass classical computing schemes. Recently, prototypes of quantum computers have demonstrated computing power on tasks that are difficult or impossible to be carried out by a conventional computer. However, to achieve a full-scale quantum computer which can carry out universal computation tasks, the critical issue of quantum decoherence – a process that causes the loss of quantum information and the generation of errors, needs to be addressed first. One promising way to tackle this challenge is to utilize a kind of exotic quantum particles, known as Majorana fermions, that are indistinguishable from their antiparticles. Such unique property allows one to construct the basic element of quantum computing, i.e. a quantum bit or qubit, using a pair of coupled Majorana fermions, which can give rise to a new type of qubit that is naturally protected from decoherence. This project aims to integrate the needed elements to build prototypes of such qubit using new superconductor materials. The project emphasizes on the education and outreach program for graduate and undergraduate students, and K-12 students and schoolteachers, which are combined with the research endeavors to build a next generation quantum-literate workforce.Technical abstract:The project establishes the material and device foundation for building a topological qubit – the kind of qubit that is protected against decoherence. The research exploits new materials known as topological superconductors, which have superconducting energy gap in their interiors and harbor Majorana zero modes at their boundaries. The candidate materials are two-dimensional (2D) systems and heterostructures, in which superconductivity, magnetism and spin-orbit coupling co-exist, such as the surface state of (111)-oriented gold coupled to a superconductor and a magnetic insulator. Such materials feature a high degree of tunability and allow the control of Majorana zero modes by manipulating the properties of the superconductor materials themselves. At the same time, the focused materials are scalable, which allows them to be easily fabricated into the needed nano structures/devices by following standard fabrication procedures. The research follows the “measurement-based” scheme for quantum information processing, which utilizes the concept of quantum state teleportation through a pair of Majorana zero modes. The project aims to achieve several milestones towards achieving a topological qubit, which includes: 1. prove the quantum non-locality of a pair of coupled Majorana zero modes; 2. control Majorana zero modes using tunable superconductor materials; and 3. demonstrate interferometer devices for topological qubit. The success of the project offers a path towards understanding the novel quantum phases emerging in material heterostructures and will stimulate quantum information sciences. The outcome will advance both basic science and information technology, paving the way for the next generation computation.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

非技术摘要：量子计算利用量子力学过程进行信息存储和操作，预计将超越经典计算方案。最近，量子计算机的原型已经证明了其在难以或不可能执行的任务上的计算能力。然而，要实现能够执行通用计算任务的全尺寸量子计算机，首先需要解决量子退相干的关键问题，即导致量子信息丢失和产生错误的过程。应对这一挑战的有希望的方法是利用一种被称为马约拉纳费米子的奇异量子粒子，这种粒子与其反粒子无法区分，这种独特的性质允许人们使用一对耦合的马约拉纳费米子构建量子计算的基本元素，即量子位或量子位。可以产生一种自然地防止退相干的新型量子位。该项目旨在集成所需的元素，以使用新的超导材料构建此类量子位的原型。项目强调研究生和本科生以及K-12学生和学校教师的教育和推广计划，与建立下一代量子素养劳动力的研究工作相结合。技术摘要：该项目建立了材料和设备基础用于构建拓扑量子位——一种防止退相干的量子位。该研究利用了被称为拓扑超导体的新材料，其内部具有超导能隙，并在 处具有马约拉纳零模式。候选材料是二维（2D）系统和异质结构，其中超导性、磁性和自旋轨道耦合共存，例如与超导体和磁性耦合的（111）取向金的表面态。此类材料具有高度的可调性，可以通过操纵超导材料本身的特性来控制马约拉纳零模，同时，聚焦材料是可扩展的，这使得它们成为可能。通过遵循标准制造程序，可以轻松地制造成所需的纳米结构/器件 该研究遵循“基于测量”的量子信息处理方案，该方案利用了通过一对马约拉纳零模式的量子态隐形传态的概念。旨在实现拓扑量子位的几个里程碑，其中包括：1.证明一对耦合马约拉纳零模式的量子非定域性；2.使用可调谐超导材料控制马约拉纳零模式；3.该项目的成功为理解材料异质结构中出现的新型量子相提供了一条途径，并将刺激量子信息科学的发展，为下一代铺平道路。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Metal–Semiconductor–Metal Photodetectors Based on β-MgGaO Thin Films

基于 β-MgGaO 薄膜的金属—半导体—金属光电探测器

• DOI: 10.1021/acsaelm.3c00035
• 发表时间: 2023-03-22
• 期刊: ACS Applied Electronic Materials
• 影响因子: 4.7
• 作者: Tianchen Yang;Chengyun Shou;Long Xu;J. Tran;Yanwei He;Yuan Li;Peng Wei;Jianlin Liu
• 通讯作者: Jianlin Liu