New Experiment Techniques For Neutrino Physics

中微子物理新实验技术

• 批准号: 2110569
• 负责人: Joseph Formaggio
• 金额: $ 61.5万
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-08-01 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2110569&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: New; Experiment; Techniques; Neutrino; Physics

Two remarkable paradigm shifts have taken place over the past twenty years in neutrino physics and cosmology. With regard to neutrino physics, or more precisely on the question of neutrino mass, the field has shifted from discovery to precision. Measurements gathered from solar, atmospheric, and reactor neutrinos have shown conclusively that neutrinos change flavor and, as a consequence, have a very small but nonzero mass. The measurements on these oscillation parameters are now being probed at the few percent level. Almost concurrently, observational cosmology has made a similar phase transition into precision measurements, providing an outstanding view of the cosmos. Precision measurements on the energy and matter content and evolution of the universe now allow detailed tests of cosmological models that were simply unavailable even a decade ago. Investigators are finally reaching the stage in which direct comparisons between neutrino masses as determined by cosmology and as determined by nuclear experiments are possible. These new advances compel the field to develop techniques that push the boundaries of neutrino mass sensitivity. The Neutrino group at MIT is leading a next-generation neutrino mass experiment called Project 8 that utilizes an entirely new approach in neutrino mass measurements. By using frequency to measure energy, one can extract exquisite spectroscopic information. The collaboration has demonstrated that the Cyclotron Radiation Emission Spectroscopy (CRES) technique extracts the energy of electrons created from a radioactive gas and has shown that the technique also works on tritium beta decay. Knowledge of neutrino masses has broad implications for the scientific community, particularly in the fields of nuclear physics, particle physics, and cosmology. The CRES technique, being a general spectroscopic technique for low energy electrons, has broad applicability. The use of metallic superconducting bolometers for recoil detection also has broad reach, having potential applications in nuclear reactor monitoring and direct dark matter detection. These topics have and continue to draw broad support and engagement from undergraduate students in physics.The collaboration is now expanding the CRES technique to build a new beta decay experiment with improved sensitivity for the neutrino mass scale. The goal of the Project 8 experiment is to push the neutrino mass sensitivity down to 40 meV/c^2 at 90% confidence limit. The MIT Neutrino Group is also pushing a novel technology designed to detect low energy recoils created in neutrino interactions from coherent elastic neutrino nucleus scattering. Specifically, they are developing metallic superconducting bolometers with thresholds sufficiently low as to enable detection of coherent scattering from reactor neutrinos. The new experimental effort, Ricochet, has potential applications in searching for new physics and even nuclear reactor monitoring. The experiment has recently been approved to be deployed at the ILL reactor in Grenoble, France.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在过去的二十年中，在中微子物理学和宇宙学上进行了两次显着的范式转变。 关于中微子物理学，或更准确地说，就中微子质量的问题而言，该领域已从发现转变为精确度。 从太阳能，大气和反应堆中微子收集的测量结果最终表明，中微子会改变风味，因此具有很小但非零的质量。现在，对这些振荡参数的测量值在几个％的水平上进行了探测。 几乎同时，观察性宇宙学已将相似的相转换为精确测量，从而提供了宇宙的出色视图。 现在，对宇宙的能量和物质含量以及演变的精确度量允许对宇宙学模型进行详细测试，这些测试甚至是十年前根本无法使用的。 研究者最终达到了在宇宙学确定的中微子质量和核实验确定的中微子之间直接比较的阶段。 这些新的进步迫使该领域开发了推动中微子质量敏感性边界的技术。 MIT的中微子组领导着一个名为Project 8的中微子质量实验，该实验利用了中微子质量测量中的全新方法。通过使用频率测量能量，可以提取精美的光谱信息。该协作表明，回旋辐射发射光谱（CRES）技术提取了从放射性气体产生的电子的能量，并且表明该技术也适用于tritium beta衰变。对中微子群众的了解对科学界有广泛的影响，尤其是在核物理，粒子物理学和宇宙学领域。 CRES技术是低能电子的一般光谱技术，具有广泛的适用性。将金属超导射击器用于后坐力检测也有广泛的影响，在核反应堆监测和直接暗物质检测中具有潜在的应用。这些主题已经并继续从本科生的物理学学院获得广泛的支持和参与。该协作现在正在扩大CRES技术，以建立一个新的Beta衰减实验，并提高了对中微子质量规模的敏感性。项目8实验的目的是以90％的置信度限制将中微子质量灵敏度降低到40 MeV/c^2。 MIT中微子组还推动了一种新型技术，该技术旨在检测从相干弹性中微子核散射中中微子相互作用中产生的低能量后坐力。具体而言，他们正在开发具有足够低阈值的金属超导射仪，以便能够检测到反应堆中微子的相干散射。新的实验努力Ricochet在寻找新物理学甚至核反应堆监测方面具有潜在的应用。该实验最近已被批准在法国格勒诺布尔的ILL反应堆中部署。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并认为使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准，认为值得通过评估来获得支持。

项目成果

Ricochet Progress and Status

跳弹进度和状态

• DOI: 10.1007/s10909-023-02971-5
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of Low Temperature Physics
• 影响因子: 2
• 作者: Augier, C.;Beaulieu, G.;Belov, V.;Berge, L.;Billard, J.;Bres, G.;Bret, J. -L.;Broniatowski, A.;Calvo, M.;Cazes, A.
• 通讯作者: Cazes, A.

Fast neutron background characterization of the future Ricochet experiment at the ILL research nuclear reactor

ILL 研究核反应堆未来跳弹实验的快中子背景特征

• DOI: 10.1140/epjc/s10052-022-11150-x
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: The European Physical Journal C
• 作者: Augier, C.;Baulieu, G.;Belov, V.;Berge, L.;Billard, J.;Bres, G.;Bret, J-. L.;Broniatowski, A.;Calvo, M.;Cazes, A.
• 通讯作者: Cazes, A.

SYNCA: A Synthetic Cyclotron Antenna for the Project 8 Collaboration

SYNCA：用于 Project 8 合作的合成回旋天线

• DOI: 10.1088/1748-0221/18/01/p01034
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of Instrumentation
• 影响因子: 1.3
• 作者: Ashtari Esfahani, A.;Böser, S.;Buzinsky, N.;Carmona-Benitez, M.C.;Claessens, C.;de Viveiros, L.;Fertl, M.;Formaggio, J.A.;Gladstone, L.;Grando, M.
• 通讯作者: Grando, M.