Doctoral Dissertation Improvement Award:Examination of Multiple Chronologies

博士论文改进奖：多年表审查

• 批准号: 2106251
• 负责人: Adam Smith
• 金额: $ 2.51万
• 依托单位: Cornell University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-06-01 至 2023-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2106251&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Doctoral; Dissertation; Improvement; Award; Examination

Absolute time, or chronology, is fundamental to interpret the past. However, the disregard for how past societies actually experienced time results in a discrepancy between generalized models of socio-cultural change and the diverse experience of life’s rhythms, thus perpetuating the creation of dehumanized histories. How people organize around life’s rhythms, whether as members of a generation or as a society responding to broader environmental or socio-cultural challenges, profoundly impacts the decisions made in the present, thus shaping the course of actions in the long-term. Archaeology is well positioned to solve this tension between absolute and lived time by offering a long-term perspective on the unfolding of human experience. This project will undertake research that uses radiocarbon dating to investigate people’s lived experience of time in past communities.The project also speaks to a wider anthropological conversation regarding the understanding of time as a social construct and the artificial separation between society and “clock time”. The research includes broad scientific collaboration and encourages training in archaeological science among students and scholars.The project will investigate how to identify different dimensions of lived time from material remains, which will offer a new approach for archaeologists studying socio-cultural changes in the unwritten past. This archaeological study, covering a remarkable duration, offers an ideal opportunity to analyze how alternative lived rhythms contribute to socio-cultural stability in the long-term. Contrary to previous approaches, this work will interpret the radiocarbon-based chronology of sites by referring to real lifespans, such as those derived from age at death and generational distance observed in collective burials, thus humanizing the history of single sites. This humanization of chronology will also consider alterations in climatic stability, as demonstrated by previous studies, and the interruption of daily life as documented by layers of abandonment in site stratigraphies. Relevant samples suitable for high-resolution radiocarbon analysis will be collected from museum collections and ongoing excavations. In addition to producing a robust radiocarbon dataset, the project will ultimately enhance the possibilities of archaeological chronology and help close the gap between short-term and long-term perspectives.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

绝对时间或年代学是解释过去的基础。但是，对过去社会实际经历的时间的无视导致社会文化变革的广义模型与生活节奏的不同经验之间存在差异，从而使非人性化历史的创造永存。人们如何围绕生活的节奏组织，无论是一代成员还是负责更广泛的环境或社会文化挑战的社会，都深刻影响了演讲中的决定，从而塑造了长期行动的进程。考古学在绝对时间和生活时间之间的张力很好地解决了人们对人类经验展开的长期观点。该项目将进行研究，该研究使用放射性碳约会来调查人们过去社区中人们的现场时间经验。该项目还谈到了更广泛的人类学对话，内容涉及对时间的理解作为社会结构以及社会与“时钟时间”之间的人为分离。这项研究包括广泛的科学合作，并鼓励学生和学者对档案科学进行培训。该项目将研究如何从材料遗骸中识别现场时间的不同维度，这将为研究未经书面的过去的社会文化变化提供一种新方法。这项涵盖了显着持续时间的档案研究提供了一个理想的机会，可以分析长期替代生活的节奏如何有助于社会文化的稳定。与以前的方法相反，这项工作将通过指代实际寿命来解释基于放射性的地点的年代学，例如从死亡时代衍生出的寿命和在集体埋葬中观察到的世代距离，从而使单个地点的历史人性化。按照先前的研究证明，年代学的人性化还将考虑气候稳定的改变，以及在现场地层中遗弃层所记录的日常生活中断。适用于高分辨率放射性碳分析的相关样品将从博物馆收藏和正在进行的发掘中收集。除了产生强大的放射性碳数据集外，该项目最终还将增强档案年代的可能性，并有助于缩小短期和长期观点之间的差距。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过使用基金会的知识分子和更广泛影响的评估来审查CRITERIA来评估的支持，并被视为珍贵的支持。

项目成果

Thirty Years in the Making: A Review of Kura-Araxes Periodization from a Radiocarbon Perspective.

三十年的形成：从放射性碳角度回顾 Kura-Araxes 分期。

• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Aramazd
• 作者: Passerini, A.