Collaborative Research: Central tropical Pacific climate variability over the Last Millennium

合作研究:过去千年中部热带太平洋气候变化

基本信息

  • 批准号:
    2103059
  • 负责人:
  • 金额:
    $ 59.33万
  • 依托单位:
  • 依托单位国家:
    美国
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
  • 财政年份:
    2021
  • 资助国家:
    美国
  • 起止时间:
    2021-07-15 至 2024-06-30
  • 项目状态:
    已结题

项目摘要

This award is funded in whole or in part under the American Rescue Plan Act of 2021 (Public Law 117-2). The project will assemble radiocarbon-dated segments of ancient coral recovered from islands in the central equatorial Pacific to study climate conditions during the last 1000 years. It will focus on two important time periods, the Medieval Climate Anomaly (850-1300 ago) and the Little Ice Age (1400-1850) to look at what factors cause El Nino conditions. Researchers will reconstruct monthly-resolution records of seawater temperature and salinity conditions by targeting growth bands in coral skeletons. This project supports research training educational opportunities for several undergraduate and graduate students. It also supports a research collaboration among two early career scientists and others who have a strong track record of participation in K-16 education and public outreach with an emphasis on broadening diversity and inclusion of underrepresented communities. These efforts will continue with guest lectures at a nearby minority-serving institution and by offering summer research opportunities for local high school students.Improving the accuracy of future climate projections requires a more complete understanding of internal vs. externally forced changes in tropical Pacific climate on a broad range of timescales. Coral-based paleoclimate records have dramatically improved our understanding of interannual climate variability in the tropical Pacific, however, similar insights into centennial-scale variability have thus far remained unattainable due to (i) diagenesis, which can significantly bias coral reconstructions, and (ii) colony-to- colony offsets in coral proxies, which introduce large uncertainties in estimates of mean climate change from single corals. Informed by two decades of work at Kiritimati Island (2degN, 157degW), this project will generate ~50 new well-dated and multi-proxy records of climate variability across the last millennium. Using a novel approach that layers paired coral oxygen isotope and Sr/Ca measurements, with a new paleothermometer, Sr-U, this reconstruction will provide the first set of robust, quantitative, and independent estimates of central tropical Pacific surface temperature (SST) and hydroclimate trends across the Medieval Climate Anomaly (MCA; 900-1200CE) and Little Ice Age (LIA; 1500-1800CE). The fidelity of these fossil coral records will be further ensured using rigorous screening for diagenesis and a microscale analyses to extract reliable climate information from altered corals. Comparisons of these new reconstructions with transient climate simulations will provide much-needed context for present-day trends and allow us to investigate the tropical Pacific’s long-term response to external forcings and climate feedbacks. Broader impacts to this project include a dramatic improvement to our understanding of natural climate variability in the tropical Pacific, allowing for the better quantification of regional anthropogenic climate trends, and the improvement of future climate projections by providing more accurate benchmarks for climate models. As climate change continues to dominate social consciousness, the PI will actively engage in public outreach efforts to communicate the results of the paleoclimate research as well as more general information about local/regional impacts of future climate change. It supports research training and mentoring of several graduate students and summer research experiences for high school students from a nearby school district which has a 90% underrepresented minority student population.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.
该奖项是根据2021年《美国救援计划法》(公法117-2)全部或部分资助的。该项目将组装从中央太平洋中部岛屿岛上回收的古代珊瑚的放射性阶段,以研究过去1000年的气候条件。它将集中于两个重要的时期,即中世纪的气候异常(850-1300以前)和小冰河时代(1400-1850),以查看哪些因素导致埃尔尼诺的条件。研究人员将通过针对珊瑚骨骼的生长带来重建海水温度和盐度条件的每月分辨率记录。该项目为几位本科生和研究生提供了研究培训教育机会。它还支持两位早期职业科学家和其他人在参与K-16教育和公众宣传方面有很强记录的研究合作,重点是扩大多样性和包括代表性不足的社区。这些努力将继续在几乎少数派服务机构的嘉宾演讲中,并通过为当地高中生提供夏季的研究机会。展现未来气候项目的准确性,需要在广泛的时间表上对热带太平洋气候的内部和外部强迫变化有更全面的了解。 Coral-based paleoclimate records have dramatically improved our understanding of interannual climate variability in the tropical Pacific, however, similar insights into centennial-scale variability have thus far remained unattainable due to (i) diagenesis, which can significantly bias coral reconstructions, and (ii) colony-to-colony offsets in coral proxies, which introduce large uncertainties in estimates of mean climate change from single珊瑚。在Kiritimati Island(2DEGN,157DEGW)的二十年工作中,该项目将在上一个千年中产生约50个新的良好的日期良好且多毒的气候变化记录。使用一种新的方法,该方法将配对的珊瑚氧同位素和SR/CA测量与新的浅热量计SR-U一起使用,该重建将提供第一组对中央热带太平洋表面温度(SST)中心中心的稳健,定量和独立估计,以及整个中世纪气候冰的冰原冰原(MCA)(MCA); 900-100-100-100-12cy; 900-100-100-12cy; 900-12ce; 900-100-100-100-100-100-1200)。这些化石珊瑚记录的忠诚度将进一步确保,使用严格的成岩作用和微观分析,以从改变的珊瑚中提取可靠的气候信息。这些新重建与瞬态气候模拟的比较将为当今的趋势提供急需的环境,并允许我们调查热带太平洋对外部强迫的长期反应并攀登反馈。对该项目的更广泛影响包括我们对热带太平洋自然气候变异性的理解的显着改善,从而可以更好地量化区域人为气候趋势的量化,​​以及通过为气候模型提供更准确的基准,从而改善未来的气候项目。随着气候变化继续占据社会意识,PI将积极参与公共宣传工作,以传达古气候研究的结果以及有关未来气候变化的本地/地区影响的更多一般信息。它支持几位研究生的研究培训和心理化,以及来自近学区的高中生的夏季研究经验,该学区的少数族裔学生人数不足90%。这项奖项反映了NSF的法定任务,并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的审查标准通过评估来通过评估来支持的。

项目成果

期刊论文数量(0)
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Kim Cobb其他文献

Change in electrical conductivity in a brine-saturated granite under uni-axial compression
单轴压缩下饱和盐水花岗岩电导率的变化
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2017
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Matthew Newman;Arthur Miller;Michael Alexander;Toby Ault;Kim Cobb;Clara Deser;Emanuele Di Lorenzo;Nathan Mantua;Shoshiro Minobe;Hisashi Nakamura;Niklas Schneider;Daniel Vimont;Adam Phillips;Catherine Smith;James Scott;澤城 凌,渡辺 了,渡邉真也
  • 通讯作者:
    澤城 凌,渡辺 了,渡邉真也
Effects of nonpharmaceutical interventions during COVID-19 pandemic on pediatric asthma exacerbations and viral infections
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.jacig.2024.100340
  • 发表时间:
    2024-11-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    Katherine Caid;Megan Tate;Shahwar Yousuf;Lillian Jones;Robert D. Pesek;Akilah A. Jefferson;Tamara T. Perry;Daniel Liu;Grace Turner;Ashton Ingold;Susanna Hartzell;Bobby L. Boyanton;Kim Cobb;Haley Long;Suzanne House;Dana Frederick;Rachel A. Frenner;Erin Hathorn;Jing Jin;Scott Stewart
  • 通讯作者:
    Scott Stewart
Regional Sea Level Change over the North Pacific in CMIP models from 2000 to 2300 & Relation between interior sea level change and western boundary sea level change
2000-2300年CMIP模型北太平洋区域海平面变化及内陆海平面变化与西部边界海平面变化的关系
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2016
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Matthew Newman;Michael Alexander;Toby Ault;Kim Cobb;Clara Deser;Emanuele Di Lorenzo;Nathan Mantua;Arthur Miller;Shoshiro Minobe;Hisashi Nakamura;Niklas Schneider;Daniel Vimont;Adam Phillips;Tatsuo Suzuki
  • 通讯作者:
    Tatsuo Suzuki
一軸圧縮に伴う含水花崗岩の電気伝導度変化
单轴压缩导致水合花岗岩电导率的变化
  • DOI:
  • 发表时间:
    2016
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
    0
  • 作者:
    Matthew Newman;Arthur Miller;Michael Alexander;Toby Ault;Kim Cobb;Clara Deser;Emanuele Di Lorenzo;Nathan Mantua;Shoshiro Minobe;Hisashi Nakamura;Niklas Schneider;Daniel Vimont;Adam Phillips;Catherine Smith;James Scott;澤城 凌,渡辺 了,渡邉真也;澤城 凌,森本美咲,渡邊 了
  • 通讯作者:
    澤城 凌,森本美咲,渡邊 了
Pediatric Severe Asthmatics in a Southern US State Face Multiple Challenges and Barriers to Care
  • DOI:
    10.1016/j.jaci.2020.12.198
  • 发表时间:
    2021-02-01
  • 期刊:
  • 影响因子:
  • 作者:
    Robbie Pesek;Brandi Whitaker;Erhan Ararat;Amika Sood;Matthew Pertzborn;Amber Davidson;Kim Cobb;Kristin Hines;Callie Margiotta;Jessica Turner;Akilah Jefferson;Tamara Perry
  • 通讯作者:
    Tamara Perry

Kim Cobb的其他文献

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{{ truncateString('Kim Cobb', 18)}}的其他基金

Collaborative Research: P2C2--East African Monsoon Hydroclimate over the Last 11,500 Years
合作研究:P2C2——过去11,500年的东非季风水文气候
  • 批准号:
    2002446
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 59.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Reconstructions of central tropical Pacific climate during the 19th to early 20th centuries
19世纪至20世纪初中部热带太平洋气候的重建
  • 批准号:
    2002458
  • 财政年份:
    2020
  • 资助金额:
    $ 59.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
P2C2: Signatures of the Toba Super-eruption in Borneo Stalagmites
P2C2:婆罗洲石笋多巴超级喷发的特征
  • 批准号:
    1502830
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 59.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Ensemble Estimation of Central Tropical Pacific Climate over the last 6,000 Years
过去 6000 年中部热带太平洋气候的集合估计
  • 批准号:
    1502832
  • 财政年份:
    2015
  • 资助金额:
    $ 59.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
RAPID Collaborative Research: Ground Truthing Coral Proxy Reconstructions of ENSO by Observing the 2014-15 El Nino
RAPID 协作研究:通过观测 2014-15 厄尔尼诺现象对 ENSO 进行地面实况珊瑚代理重建
  • 批准号:
    1446343
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 59.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
RAPID Collaborative Research: Tracking coral reef impacts of the 2014/2015 El Nino event
RAPID 合作研究:追踪 2014/2015 年厄尔尼诺事件对珊瑚礁的影响
  • 批准号:
    1446274
  • 财政年份:
    2014
  • 资助金额:
    $ 59.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Collaborative Research: P2C2--Controls on Water Isotope Variability in the Tropical Pacific: A Strategy to Improve Paleoclimate Interpretations
合作研究:P2C2——热带太平洋水同位素变异的控制:改善古气候解释的策略
  • 批准号:
    1203785
  • 财政年份:
    2012
  • 资助金额:
    $ 59.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Continuing Grant
Collaborative Research: Fossil Coral Records of ENSO and Tropical Pacific Climate Through the Late Holocene
合作研究:全新世晚期 ENSO 和热带太平洋气候的珊瑚化石记录
  • 批准号:
    0752091
  • 财政年份:
    2008
  • 资助金额:
    $ 59.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
PECASE: High-resolution Malaysian Speleothem Records of Paleo-El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) and 20th Century Calibration
PECASE:古厄尔尼诺南方涛动 (ENSO) 和 20 世纪校准的高分辨率马来西亚洞穴记录
  • 批准号:
    0645291
  • 财政年份:
    2007
  • 资助金额:
    $ 59.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant
Fossil Coral Radiocarbon Records of Equatorial Pacific Upwelling over the Last Millennium
过去千年赤道太平洋上升流的化石珊瑚放射性碳记录
  • 批准号:
    0452920
  • 财政年份:
    2005
  • 资助金额:
    $ 59.33万
  • 项目类别:
    Standard Grant

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拷贝数突变致良性癫痫伴中央颞区棘波语言障碍的认知心理学及神经影 像学研究
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