Shifting market and climate influences on social networks, labor allocations and wellbeing among rural farmers

市场和气候变化对社会网络、劳动力分配和农民福祉的影响

• 批准号: 2051264
• 负责人: Karen Kramer
• 金额: $ 28.94万
• 依托单位: University of Utah
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-05-01 至 2024-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2051264&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Shifting; market; climate; influences; social

Globalization and increasing environmental variability have transformative effects on people living in small agricultural communities worldwide. Because these forces present both opportunities and challenges, the path forward in how to make a living is often uncertain. Is it better to give up farming, move to an urban area, become a wage-laborer, leave family behind, and sever ties with one’s birth community? How do these decisions affect the wellbeing of families? This project examines how small-scale farmers navigate these decisions. Specifically, the researchers collect new data to assess whether the reliance on family versus formal institutions for social support is influenced by household economic decisions, and what impact this has on the wellbeing of rural families when faced with the dual challenge of increasing environmental variability and globalization. The project provides scientific and STEM-field research experience to undergraduate and graduate students and professional training to postdoctoral researchers, as well as valuable information for non-governmental organizations and policy makers.This research provides a novel test of economic, sociological, and cultural anthropological theories to address the extent to which opportunities associated with market transition trade off as they interact with environmental variability to affect farmers’ livelihoods. Using a longitudinal design, ethnographic, and cutting-edge social network methods, the researchers aim to characterize (1) how social relationships and economic activities are affected by market transition over time; and (2) how reliance on relationships versus labor market participation are associated with health and well-being. The researchers investigate further the extent to which climate variables affect people's social relationships, economic activities, and daily lives, creating much-needed links between social and climate science. Finally, the research provides validity tests and other tools to meet the stated needs of Vulnerability Assessments required by policy makers and non-governmental organizations (NGOs) involved in economic development. Together, findings from the research will provide pertinent insight into the scale at which climate and market variables together affect human behavior and how farmers manage changes in their social, economic, and ecological environments.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

全球化和不断加剧的环境变化对世界各地小型农业社区的人们产生了变革性的影响，因为这些力量既带来了机遇，也带来了挑战，因此，如何谋生的道路往往是不确定的，是放弃农业，转向农村更好。城市地区、成为雇佣工人、离开家庭以及与出生社区的紧密联系？该项目研究了小规模农民如何做出这些决定。具体而言，研究人员收集了新数据。评估对家庭的依赖与正式的社会支持机构受到家庭经济决策的影响，以及在面临环境变化和全球化日益加剧的双重挑战时，这对农村家庭的福祉有何影响。该项目为本科生和研究生提供科学和 STEM 领域的研究经验。学生和博士后研究人员的专业培训，以及非政府组织和政策制定者的宝贵信息。这项研究提供了对经济、社会学和文化人类学理论的新颖检验，以解决与市场转型相关的机会权衡的程度因为它们与环境变化相互作用，影响农民的生计。研究人员利用纵向设计、人种学和尖端社交网络方法，旨在描述（1）随着时间的推移，社会关系和经济活动如何受到市场转型的影响；（2）对关系的依赖与劳动力市场参与的关系如何；研究人员进一步调查了气候变量对人们的社会关系、经济活动和日常生活的影响程度，在社会科学和气候科学之间建立了急需的联系。满足漏洞评估规定需求的工具政策制定者和参与经济发展的非政府组织 (NGO) 共同努力，研究结果将提供有关气候和市场变量共同影响人类行为的规模以及农民如何管理其社会、经济和文化变化的相关见解。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Sleep deprivation among adolescents in urban and indigenous-rural Mexican communities. Scientific Reports -- the system will not accept this journal title

墨西哥城市和土著农村社区青少年的睡眠不足。

• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Scientific report
• 作者: Silva-Caballero, A

Kin ties and market integration in the Mayan Yucatan

玛雅尤卡坦半岛的亲属关系和市场一体化

• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Social sciences
• 作者: Hackman, JV &

Computational signatures of inequity aversion in children across seven societies

七个社会儿童厌恶不平等的计算特征

• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Journal of experimental psychology
• 作者: Amir, D

Effective climate-change adaptation means supporting community autonomy. Nature Climate Change

有效的气候变化适应意味着支持社区自治。

• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Nature climate change
• 影响因子: 30.7
• 作者: Pisor, AC

Household conditions modulate associations between cesarean delivery and childhood growth

• DOI: 10.1002/ajpa.24563
• 发表时间: 2022-07-22
• 期刊: AMERICAN JOURNAL OF BIOLOGICAL ANTHROPOLOGY
• 作者: Veile，Amanda J.;Kramer，Karen Leslie;Otarola-Castillo，Erik
• 通讯作者: Otarola-Castillo，Erik