Collaborative Research: Establishing an Iron Resonance Wind-Temperature Lidar at High-Frequency Active Auroral Research Program (HAARP) for Active Studies of Polar Aeronomy

合作研究：在高频主动极光研究计划（HAARP）中建立铁共振风温激光雷达，以积极研究极地航空学

• 批准号: 2048464
• 负责人: Mark Golkowski
• 金额: $ 7.42万
• 依托单位: University of Colorado at Denver-Downtown Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-04-01 至 2024-03-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2048464&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Establishing; Iron; Resonance

The award supports a collaborative effort between researchers at the University of Alaska Fairbanks (UAF), Cornell University, G & A Technical Software Incorporated (GATS), the University of Colorado Denver (CU Denver), Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (VTech), and the German Aerospace Center (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, DLR) to build a state-of-the-art solid-state iron resonance wind and temperature lidar system (IRWTL) and to operate this instrument at the high-frequency active auroral research program (HAARP) facility located in Gakona, Alaska (62°N, 145°W). This instrument will be used to conduct a series of coordinated observations with the Ionospheric Research Instrument (IRI) at HAARP that will be operated in campaign mode centering upon three major heating experiments. The Arctic atmosphere and the subauroral region are a natural laboratory for understanding plasma-neutral and dynamical coupling in the atmosphere and geospace. The lidar will measure the profile of the ion-neutral collision frequency needed for the determination of D-region electron density profiles from IRI HF radar data. A second application of coordinated IRWTL and IRI measurements is aimed at the investigation of the charge transfer mechanisms in dusty plasmas based on lidar observations of polar mesospheric clouds and radar observations of polar mesospheric summer echoes. These coordinated measurements will also study the dynamical forcing of E-region winds using the technique of radar artificial periodic irregularities. The combined IRWTL and IRI observations will be used to study D-region structure as determined from the data collected from the detection of ELF/VLF waves generated by the IRI facility. These studies will have a variety of broader impacts including the study of fundamental processes in plasma physics, aerosols, fluid dynamics while advancing radio science and remote sensing technology and techniques. The award will support research training and professional development of graduate students and two postdoctoral associates. The IRWTL will support the participation of both UAF undergraduate students and visiting students in scientific investigations and engineering projects. This effort fosters collaboration between three universities, an aerospace company, and a national space center.The IRWTL lidar system will enhance the HAARP research infrastructure as a state-of-the-art solid state resonance lidar system using a frequency-stabilized Nd:YAG laser to achieve atmospheric illumination at the iron resonance emission wavelength at 372 nm. During geomagnetically active periods the auroral electrojet and auroral precipitation occur overhead at the HAARP site facilitating HF heating experiments to higher altitude ranges than otherwise would be the case. The IRWTL observations will yield new wind and temperature measurements in the mesosphere-lower thermosphere in both daytime and nighttime throughout the year; these results would be compared with similar wind and temperature observations obtained at the Poker Flat sodium resonance wind and temperature lidar system located in central Alaska to search for evidence of large scale structure in polar mesospheric winds. The observations, analyses and results of this activity will contribute to national and international programs, including CEDAR and SCOSTEP programs.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该奖项支持阿拉斯加大学费尔班克斯分校 (UAF)、康奈尔大学、G & A 技术软件公司 (GATS)、科罗拉多大学丹佛分校 (CU Denver)、弗吉尼亚理工学院和州立大学 (VTech) 的研究人员之间的合作努力和德国航空航天中心 (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt, DLR) 共同打造最先进的固态铁共振风温激光雷达系统(IRWTL) 并在位于阿拉斯加加科纳（北纬 62°，西经 145°）的高频主动极光研究计划 (HAARP) 设施中操作该仪器。该仪器将用于与极光进行一系列协调观测。 HAARP 的电离层研究仪器 (IRI) 将在以三个主要加热实验为中心的活动模式下运行，北极大气和亚极光区域是了解等离子体中性和动力耦合的天然实验室。激光雷达将测量根据 IRI 高频雷达数据确定 D 区电子密度剖面所需的离子中性碰撞频率剖面。协调 IRWTL 和 IRI 测量的第二个应用旨在研究大气和地球空间。基于极地中层云的激光雷达观测和极地中层夏季回波的雷达观测，尘埃等离子体中的电荷转移机制这些协调测量还将利用雷达人工技术研究E区风的动力强迫。 IRWTL 和 IRI 的综合观测将用于研究 D 区结构，这些结构是根据 IRI 设施产生的 ELF/VLF 波检测收集的数据确定的。这些研究将产生各种更广泛的影响，包括该研究。该奖项将支持研究生和两名博士后的研究培训和专业发展，同时支持 UAF 本科生的参与。这项工作促进了三所大学、一家航空航天公司和一个国家航天中心之间的合作。IRWTL 激光雷达系统将增强 HAARP 研究基础设施，使其成为最先进的固态设备。共振激光雷达系统使用频率稳定的 Nd:YAG 激光器，以 372 nm 的铁共振发射波长实现大气照明。在地磁活跃期间，极光电射流和极光降水发生在头顶。 HAARP 站点促进了高频加热实验，IRWTL 观测将在全年白天和夜间产生新的中层-低热层风和温度测量结果，并将这些结果与类似的风进行比较。位于阿拉斯加中部的 Poker Flat 钠共振风和温度激光雷达系统获得的温度观测，以寻找极地中层风大尺度结构的证据。这项活动的观测、分析和结果将为国家和国际计划做出贡献。包括 CEDAR 和 SCOSTEP 计划。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。