Collaborative Research: Establishing the Physical Picture for Rest-optical Emission Lines in Star-forming Galaxies from Cosmic Noon to Cosmic Dawn

合作研究：建立从宇宙正午到宇宙黎明的恒星形成星系中的静止光学发射线的物理图像

• 批准号: 2307622
• 负责人: Alice Shapley
• 金额: $ 36.79万
• 依托单位: University of California-Los Angeles
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2023
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2023-08-01 至 2026-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2307622&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Establishing; Physical; Picture

Astronomers aim to measure several fundamental properties of galaxies across cosmic time. These include the rate at which new stars are being born, the proportion of so-called heavy elements (e.g., oxygen) relative to hydrogen, and the nature of the radiation field to which the interstellar medium (ISM) is exposed (be it light from massive stars or from accretion onto a supermassive black hole). These key galaxy properties are commonly inferred from the pattern of spectral emission lines produced by the ionized ISM. However, it has been shown that the translation between the spectrum of a galaxy and the underlying physical conditions prevailing in that galaxy may be qualitatively different in galaxies observed within the first few billion years of cosmic time, relative to what is observed in the universe today. Shapley and Sanders will analyze data from several hundred galaxies, observed roughly 10 billion years ago when the universe was forming stars at its peak level, to establish this essential translation between galaxy spectral and physical properties. They will also build a publicly available software tool for the community for modeling the spectra of galaxies all the way back to cosmic dawn within the first billion years after the Big Bang. Shapley and Sanders will also engage in several efforts in public outreach, partnering with the WorldWide Telescope Ambassadors Program to develop interactive tours across the night sky on topics such as astronomical spectroscopy. They will incorporate these pedagogical materials into ongoing outreach efforts at each of their respective campuses.There are important questions regarding the translation of rest-optical emission line properties to physical ones (e.g., star-formation rate, gas-phase oxygen abundance, ionization parameter) in distant galaxies. The co-PIs have assembled the definitive sample of z=1.5-2.5 star-forming galaxies from the Keck MOSFIRE Deep Evolution Field (MOSDEF) survey. They will use this sample to establish the translation between galaxy emission-line and physical properties, and build and publicly release a software tool for robust modeling of the rest-optical emission-line spectra of distant galaxies all the way back to cosmic dawn (z6). The proposed products will provide a lasting legacy as we enter into a new era for near-IR spectroscopy with great observatories in space.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

天文学家的目的是测量宇宙时间中星系的几种基本特性。其中包括新恒星诞生的速率，相对于氢的所谓重元素（例如，氧）的比例，以及暴露于星际介质（ISM）所处的辐射场的性质（无论是从大型恒星还是从大量恒星中轻轻或从积聚到超大型黑洞上）。这些关键的星系性能通常是根据电离ISM产生的光谱发射线的模式来推断的。但是，已经表明，与当今宇宙中观察到的宇宙时间相比，在宇宙时间的前几十亿年内观察到的星系中，星系的光谱与潜在的物理条件之间的翻译可能在质量上有所不同。沙普利（Shapley）和桑德斯（Sanders）将分析来自数百个星系的数据，观察到大约100亿年前的宇宙在其峰值形成恒星时，建立了星系光谱和物理性质之间的这种基本翻译。他们还将为社区建立一个公开可用的软件工具，用于在大爆炸后的头十亿年内建模星系的光谱。莎普利（Shapley）和桑德斯（Sanders）还将与全球望远镜大使计划合作，从事公共宣传活动的几项努力，以开发夜空中的互动式旅行，涉及天文学光谱等主题。他们将把这些教学材料纳入每个各自的校园的持续外展工作中。关于将静息光发射线特性转换为物理的重要问题（例如，恒星形成率，气相氧气丰度，电离参数）在远处星系中。 Co-Pis从Keck Mosfire深层进化场（MOSDEF）调查组装了Z = 1.5-2.5星形星系的确定样本。他们将使用此样本来建立星系发射线和物理特性之间的翻译，并构建并公开释放软件工具，以稳健地建模远处星系的静止光发射线光谱，一直返回到宇宙黎明（Z6）。当我们进入近红外光谱的新时代，并在太空中进行了出色的观察力。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子和更广泛的影响审查标准，这将提供持久的遗产。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务。