Research-PGR Robust organ patterning by OFPs, TRMs and SUNs in plant morphogenesis

研究-PGR 通过 OFP、TRM 和 SUN 在植物形态发生中形成稳健的器官模式

基本信息

批准号：
2048425
负责人：
Esther Van der Knaap
金额：
$ 150万
依托单位：
University of Georgia Research Foundation Inc
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-04-01 至 2025-09-30
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2048425&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Research PGR Robust organ patterning

项目摘要

Fruits and vegetables feature shapes that highlight the culinary use of the product. For example, globe tomatoes are large and round, and are often used for slicing on sandwiches and burgers. Salad tomatoes tend to be small and oval shaped and eaten as snacks. Carrots and beets come in a wide variety of shapes and sizes, some of which are used for canning and juicing, some for the consumer market, and others for the food service market. The proper produce shape and size is also critical for growers and producers in order to efficiently harvest and process the products into soups and sauces. In many cases, the shape of the product determines its market class and is therefore closely connected to the price farmers obtain for the product. The continued improvement of crops for better yield and higher quality relies extensively on recreating the same shape of the produce. Off types and varieties that produce shapes that are not commensurate with the market class will not likely yield a commercially successful product, no matter how high it yields. Understanding the molecular aspects of shape and the application of this knowledge to other crops, will enable breeders to select for the desired morphology early in the breeding cycle. This knowledge would save time and efforts in other crops and thus would benefit societies across the world. Moreover, phone apps will be developed in collaboration with undergraduate computer science students to enable growers and breeders to evaluate produce quickly and accurately.The recently discovered OFP-TRM-SUN regulon has emerged as an important paradigm in the variation in shape of produce ranging from fruits to grains. Proteins from these families are associated with microtubules that are thought to affect cell division leading to altered organ shapes. Still, much remains to be learned about this regulon and whether it extends to root crops. OFP, TRM, and SUN are members of multigene families, yet the role of most members in organ morphology is not well understood. To address these questions, the project plans to map modifiers of tomato sun and ovate in tomato; extend the regulon to carrot and table beet, and investigate the role of SUN in watermelon; discover the function of other members of the OFP, TRM, SUN family; and testing cell growth and geometry parameters by OFP-TRM-SUN. Combined, this information would lead to detailed mechanistic and fundamental insights into the regulation of organogenesis in plants and this knowledge will provide ample opportunities for crop improvement.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

水果和蔬菜具有形状，突出了产品的烹饪用途。例如，地球番茄又大又圆，通常用于切成三明治和汉堡。沙拉番茄往往很小，椭圆形的形状和作为小吃食用。胡萝卜和甜菜有多种形状和尺寸，其中一些用于罐头和榨汁，有些用于消费市场，而另一些则用于食品服务市场。适当的生产形状和尺寸对于种植者和生产商来说也至关重要，以便有效地收获和将产品加工成汤和调味料。在许多情况下，产品的形状决定了其市场类别，因此与农民为产品获得的价格密切相关。农作物的持续改善以提高产量和更高质量，广泛地依赖于重现相同的农产品形状。与市场类别不相称的形状的类型和品种不太可能产生商业上成功的产品，无论其产量高。了解形状的分子方面以及这些知识在其他农作物中的应用，将使育种者能够在繁殖周期初期选择所需的形态。这些知识将节省其他农作物的时间和努力，从而使全世界的社会受益。此外，将与本科计算机科学专业的学生合作开发电话应用程序，以使种植者和育种者能够快速，准确地评估产品。这些家族的蛋白质与被认为会影响细胞分裂的微管有关，导致器官形状改变。尽管如此，关于这种规范以及它是否扩展到根农作物仍有许多待了解。 OFP，TRM和Sun是多基因家族的成员，但是大多数成员在器官形态中的作用尚不清楚。为了解决这些问题，该项目计划在番茄中绘制番茄阳光和卵形的修饰符；将调节子扩展到胡萝卜和甜菜，并研究太阳在西瓜中的作用；发现OFP，TRM，Sun家族的其他成员的功能；以及通过OFP-TRM-SUN测试细胞生长和几何参数。结合在一起，这些信息将导致对植物中器官发生调节的详细机械和基本见解，并且这些知识将为作物改善提供充足的机会。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识优点和更广泛的影响审查标准通过评估来进行评估的。