CAREER: Cognitive and neural factors shaping the multidimensional quality of episodic memory

职业：塑造情景记忆多维质量的认知和神经因素

• 批准号: 2047415
• 负责人: Maureen Ritchey
• 金额: $ 84.85万
• 依托单位: Boston College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-10-01 至 2026-09-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2047415&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Cognitive; neural; factors; shaping

Episodic memories are an important part of how we interact with the world and with one another. When we remember a past event, we call to mind details of what we experienced at the time— the who, what, where, and when of the event. During recall, our memories rebuild the past in our minds. This is an imperfect process, however, and the resulting memories vary considerably in the precision and in the types of details we can remember (e.g., remembering where you were but not who you were with) and the specificity with which we remember them (e.g., remembering the gist of a conversation, rather than the exact words that were spoken). Understanding the sources of episodic memory variability has significant societal implications, as improving the specificity of episodic memory is a common goal in both educational contexts as well as in the treatment of neurological and psychiatric disorders. This project uses functional neuroimaging and cognitive testing to examine the brain processes that predict the contents and specificity of episodic memory. It builds on prior research showing that there is a core set of brain regions, including the hippocampus and a group of cortical areas that play a key role in episodic memory. Although these regions are believed to work together as a network to unify and encode the specific details of episodic memories, the underlying neural mechanisms are unknown. To deepen our understanding of episodic memory, this project identifies the brain processes during memory encoding and retrieval that can predict which event details are remembered and with what level of specificity. The project also investigates individual differences in how event details are reconstructed, with the goal of being able to predict how individuals will differentially recall an event. The research plan integrates theories from cognitive psychology and neuroscience with computational approaches for modeling and predicting cognitive and neural function. This is complemented by related education and service initiatives focused on communicating the science of memory to the general public in Science Museums, and to K-12 audiences in public schools, and enhancing computational training among psychology students through programming coursework and workshops, facilitating access to STEM careers.The overarching goal of the project is to identify the neural factors that predict the multidimensional quality of recollection across events and individuals. Episodic memory has been reliably associated with activity in the posterior medial brain network, a set of functionally co-active brain regions in the medial temporal lobes, medial and lateral parietal cortex, and medial prefrontal cortex. Yet much remains unknown about how these multiple brain regions contribute to the specificity with which distinct event features are bound and recalled. This project tests the hypothesis that there are distinct pathways within the posterior medial network that serve to bind event details in memory and to resolve their specific perceptual details, and that these pathways are differentially involved in predicting memory outcomes during event encoding and retrieval. Functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) is used to measure brain activity while healthy young adult participants encode and retrieve multi-featural events. The first goal is to test whether brain activity can predict memory, specifically whether retrieval-related activity in the posterior medial network can be used to decode the contents and specificity of episodic memory, and to examine how this relates to information from sensory regions. The second aim is to determine the role that these memory networks play in binding event features together, and resolving level of specificity of detail, during different stages of event encoding. The third objective is to assess individual differences in episodic memory, which are a crucial source of variability in memory quality. A parallel series of online behavioral studies examines whether individual differences in the contents and specificity of episodic memory are dissociable from one another, and whether these individualized memory profiles are predictive of memory quality for lifelike events. Together, the research objectives test an integrated account of brain region- and network-level contributions to memory for complex events, addressing important gaps in our understanding of episodic memory, its neural bases, and its variability across individuals. The results contribute to a foundation of knowledge supporting the development of interventions to enhance memoryThis award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

情节记忆是我们如何与世界互动和彼此互动的重要组成部分。当我们记得过去的事件时，我们会介绍当时经历的详细信息 - 事件的谁，什么，何时何地。在召回期间，我们的记忆重建了过去。但是，这是一个不完善的过程，所产生的记忆在精确和细节的类型中仔细差异（例如，记住您在哪里，而不是与您在一起的人）以及我们记住它们的特殊性（例如，记住对话的要点，而不是说话的确切单词）。了解情节记忆可变性的来源具有重大的社会影响，因为在教育环境以及治疗神经系统和精神疾病的治疗中，提高情节记忆的特异性都是一个共同的目标。该项目使用功能性神经影像学和认知测试来检查预测情节记忆内容和特异性的大脑过程。它基于先前的研究，表明有一组核心的大脑区域，包括海马和一组在情节记忆中起关键作用的皮质区域。尽管这些区域被认为作为网络共同起作用，可以统一和编码情节记忆的具体细节，但潜在的神经机制尚不清楚。为了加深我们对情节记忆的理解，该项目确定了记忆编码和检索期间的大脑过程，这些过程可以预测记住哪些事件细节以及具有什么特异性。该项目还调查了事件细节重建方式的个体差异，目的是能够预测个人将如何不同地回忆事件。该研究计划将认知心理学和神经科学的理论与用于建模和预测认知和神经功能的计算方法相结合。这是由相关的教育和服务举措旨在完成科学博物馆中的公众的记忆科学，并向公立学校的K-12观众传达的，并通过编程课程和研讨会来增强心理学学生之间的计算培训，以支持获得STEM职业的访问。情节记忆与后中值大脑网络中的活性可靠地相关联，这是一组功能性共同活性脑部区域，中位临时叶，中值和侧面顶叶皮层和中位前额叶皮层。然而，对于这些多个大脑区域如何促进不同事件特征的绑定和召回的特异性，仍然未知。该项目检验了以下假设：后中间网络中有不同的途径，该途径可将事件细节绑定在内存中并解决其特定的感知细节，并且这些途径在预测事件编码和检索过程中预测记忆结果的不同涉及。功能性磁共振成像（fMRI）用于测量大脑活动，同时编码和检索多功能的年轻人参与者。第一个目标是测试大脑活动是否可以预测记忆，特别是在后媒体网络中是否可以使用与检索相关的活动来解码情节记忆的内容和特异性，并检查这与感觉区域的信息如何相关。第二个目的是确定这些内存网络在绑定事件特征中扮演的角色，并在事件编码的不同阶段解决细节的特异性水平。第三个目标是评估情节记忆中的个体差异，一系列平行的在线行为研究研究了情节记忆内容和特异性的个体差异是否可以彼此分离，以及这些个性化的记忆曲线是否可以预测栩栩如生的事件的记忆质量。研究目标共同测试了对复杂事件的记忆的综合说明，对复杂事件的记忆贡献，解决了我们对情节记忆的理解，其神经碱基及其在个人之间的可变性的重要差距。结果为支持开发干预措施以增强记忆的知识的基础有助于这一奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响评估标准来评估，被视为珍贵的支持。

项目成果

Patterns of episodic content and specificity predicting subjective memory vividness

预测主观记忆生动性的情景内容和特异性模式

• DOI: 10.3758/s13421-022-01291-5
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Memory & Cognition
• 影响因子: 2.4
• 作者: Cooper, Rose A.;Ritchey, Maureen
• 通讯作者: Ritchey, Maureen

Integrating Region- and Network-level Contributions to Episodic Recollection Using Multilevel Structural Equation Modeling

使用多级结构方程模型整合区域级和网络级对情景记忆的贡献

• DOI: 10.1162/jocn_a_01904
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Kurkela, Kyle A.;Cooper, Rose A.;Ryu, Ehri;Ritchey, Maureen
• 通讯作者: Ritchey, Maureen