Collaborative Research: Characterizing the evolving oceanic radiocarbon distribution: Sampling and analysis during GOSHIP and ships of opportunity cruises

合作研究：描述不断变化的海洋放射性碳分布特征：GOSHIP 和机会船航行期间的采样和分析

• 批准号: 2046987
• 负责人: Brendan Carter
• 金额: $ 19.47万
• 依托单位: University of Washington
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-02-01 至 2026-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2046987&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Characterizing; evolving; oceanic

This project supports the global measurement of carbon isotope tracers as part of the Global Ocean Ship-based Hydrographic Investigations Program (GO-SHIP). The US component of GO-SHIP typically occupies 2 or 3 major oceanic hydrographic sections per year. The team will sample a subset of these to determine changes in 14C and 13C of dissolved inorganic carbon (DIC). These data provide key metrics for climate and earth-system models and can be used by the broader research community for a diverse set of scientific applications, such as climate model development and calibration. Both institutions will also endeavor to engage postdoctoral researchers supported under separate funding, contributing to the training of the next generation of scientists.Carbon isotopic data affords key insights into ocean processes that are not available from any other measurements: 14C provides high signal/noise quantification of decadal-scale penetration of anthropogenic perturbation through the bottom of the thermocline and into the deep sea. It also provides key insights into the global overturning circulation by documenting return flow of Southern Ocean intermediate waters to the sea surface. Delta 14C is critical to quantifying the air-sea CO2 gas exchange rate. For 13C, the air-sea 13C disequilibrium is readily measured, thus quantifying the uptake of the anthropogenic CO2 perturbation at the sea surface. When combined with the accumulation of anthropogenic 13C changes in the ocean interior, it is possible to quantify basin-scale redistribution of anthropogenic CO2 in the ocean interior from observations alone. These processes are difficult, if not impossible to examine with synthetic anthropogenic tracers like Chlorofluorocarbon and with conventional C system measurements. The availability of carbon isotope data will aid a wide range of studies including climate change, oceanic anthropogenic CO2, thermocline ventilation, thermohaline overturning rates, air-sea gas exchange rates, biological cycling rates, and model evaluation or calibration. As GO-SHIP cruise schedules are planned, the team will carefully evaluate which legs would yield the best science return from the limited analytical capacity. Sampling will likely focus on long, meridional sections in the Atlantic and Pacific oceans where a strong signal is anticipated, and on any other areas where measurements have been lacking. The water samples will be transported to the National Ocean Sciences Accelerator Mass Spectrometry facility (NOSAMS) for analysis. The sampling design, final quality control, and submission of the data to the CLIVAR and Carbon Hydrographic Data Office (CCHDO) and to the Ocean Carbon Data System (OCADS) will be performed at the University of Washington.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目支持全球同位素示踪剂的全球测量，这是全球海洋船舶水文调查计划（GO-SHIP）的一部分。 Go-Ship的美国组成部分通常每年占2或3个主要的海洋水文部分。该团队将采样这些子集，以确定溶解的无机碳（DIC）的14C和13C的变化。这些数据为气候和地球系统模型提供了关键指标，并且可以被更广泛的研究社区用于多种科学应用，例如气候模型开发和校准。 Both institutions will also endeavor to engage postdoctoral researchers supported under separate funding, contributing to the training of the next generation of scientists.Carbon isotopic data affords key insights into ocean processes that are not available from any other measurements: 14C provides high signal/noise quantification of decadal-scale penetration of anthropogenic perturbation through the bottom of the thermocline and into the deep sea.它还通过记录南洋中间水域到海面的回流流量，为全球推翻循环提供了关键的见解。 Delta 14C对于量化空气海CO2气体汇率至关重要。对于13C，很容易测量空气 - 海洋13C不平衡，从而量化了人为二氧化碳在海面的摄取。当结合海洋内部人为13C变化的人为13C的积累时，仅凭观测值就可以量化海洋内部人为CO2的盆地规模的重新分布。这些过程很困难，即使不是不可能使用氯氟化合物和常规C系统测量的合成人为示踪剂进行检查。碳同位素数据的可用性将有助于广泛的研究，包括气候变化，海洋人为二氧化碳，热跃层通风，热盐倾斜速率，空气气体汇率，生物循环速率以及模型评估或校准。随着计划巡航时间表的计划，团队将仔细评估哪些腿可以从有限的分析能力中产生最佳科学回报。抽样可能会集中在大西洋和太平洋的长期子午线上，这些部分预计会有强信号，以及缺乏测量的任何其他领域。水样将被运送到国家海洋科学加速器质谱设施（NOSAMS）进行分析。将在华盛顿大学进行采样设计，最终质量控制以及数据向Clivar and Carbon水文数据办公室（CCHDO）（CCHDO）和海洋碳数据系统（OCADS）进行。该奖项反映了NSF大学的法定任务，并认为通过基金会的知识优点和广泛的范围来评估NSF的法定任务。