CAREER: Illuminating how plant water-use strategies mediate ecosystem response to multiple climate extremes

职业：阐明植物用水策略如何调节生态系统对多种极端气候的反应

基本信息

批准号：
2044937
负责人：
William Anderegg
金额：
$ 82.08万
依托单位：
University of Utah
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Continuing Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-04-15 至 2026-03-31
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2044937&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
CAREER Illuminating how plant water

项目摘要

Climate change is expected to bring more frequent and more severe droughts in many regions of the globe including the western United States. While important strides have been made in understanding how forests respond to individual droughts, the long-term response to multiple drought events is unclear. Thus, the response of forests to multiple climate extremes like severe drought is unknown but critical for predicting future forest health and resilience in a changing climate. This research will combine greenhouse experiments, field measurements of mature forests, long-term forest plots, and remote-sensing data to quantify how trees and forests respond to multiple droughts. The research activities will be integrated with a wide array of education activities to achieve three goals: 1) develop undergraduate community-engaged learning projects for three community non-profit organizations, 2) integrate student learning projects with science engagement activities to broaden participation in science, technology, engineering and mathematics, and 3) train undergraduate and graduate students in research activities. The project will establish an iterative and interactive engagement with land managers and the US Forest Service to improve forest management and resilience in a changing climate. Climate extremes pose a fundamental threat to forest health in the coming century, but the physiological processes that govern tree responses and ecosystem fluxes remain elusive. In particular, understanding the cumulative effects of successive droughts at the tissue, tree, and ecosystem scales remains challenging due to a wide array of individual and interacting mechanisms that can either increase or decrease resilience. This project will quantify these drivers across scales from individual trees to ecosystems using a combination of greenhouse experiments, field trait and demography measurements, long-term monitoring networks, and remote-sensing data. This research will develop and discover novel information about the physiology of plant hydraulics in response to multiple drought events, accounting for variation within individual plants, populations, and species across the southwestern United States. The project will tackle the scaling of the non-linear physiological and demographic processes that mediate responses to climate extremes. Thus, the project will provide an advance in the ability to predict and manage forest responses to multiple droughts in a changing climate.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

预计气候变化将在包括美国西部在内的全球许多地区带来更频繁，更严重的干旱。尽管在理解森林如何应对个人干旱方面已经取得了重要成就，但对多个干旱事件的长期反应尚不清楚。因此，森林对诸如严重干旱之类的多种气候的反应尚不清楚，但对于预测不断变化的气候中未来的森林健康和韧性至关重要。这项研究将结合温室实验，成熟森林的现场测量，长期的森林图和遥感数据，以量化树木和森林对多种干旱的反应。研究活动将与各种各样的教育活动集成，以实现三个目标：1）为三个社区非营利组织开发本科社区参与的学习项目，2）将学生学习项目与科学参与活动相结合，以扩大参与科学，技术，工程和数学的参与，3）培训研究生和研究生的研究活动。该项目将与土地经理和美国森林服务局建立迭代和互动互动，以改善气候变化的森林管理和韧性。气候极端对未来世纪对森林健康构成了根本威胁，但是控制树木反应和生态系统通量的生理过程仍然难以捉摸。特别是，由于各种可以提高或降低弹性的机制，了解组织，树和生态系统量表上连续干旱的累积影响仍然具有挑战性。该项目将使用温室实验，现场性状和人口统计学测量，长期监测网络和远程感应数据的组合，将这些驱动因素从各个树到生态系统进行量化量化。这项研究将开发并发现有关植物液压物生理的新信息，以应对多种干旱事件，这是美国西南部各个植物，种群和物种内部的差异。该项目将解决介导对气候极端反应的非线性生理和人口过程的缩放。因此，该项目将在不断变化的气候下预测和管理对多种干旱的森林反应的能力方面的进步。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并且使用基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准，被认为值得通过评估来提供支持。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（13）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Quantifying the drivers of ecosystem fluxes and water potential across the soil-plant-atmosphere continuum in an arid woodland

量化干旱林地土壤-植物-大气连续体中生态系统通量和水势的驱动因素

DOI：
10.1016/j.agrformet.2022.109269
发表时间：
2023
期刊：
Agricultural and Forest Meteorology
影响因子：
6.2
作者：
Kannenberg, Steven A.;Barnes, Mallory L.;Bowling, David R.;Driscoll, Avery W.;Guo, Jessica S.;Anderegg, William R.L.
通讯作者：
Anderegg, William R.L.

Linking remotely sensed ecosystem resilience with forest mortality across the continental United States