RAPID: Impacts of a massive dust storm on a tropical forest

快速：大规模沙尘暴对热带森林的影响

• 批准号: 2040201
• 负责人: William McDowell
• 金额: $ 19.91万
• 依托单位: University of New Hampshire
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-15 至 2023-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2040201&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Impacts; massive; dust; storm

The movement of dust across the surface of the Earth is an important process that brings nutrients to ecosystems. This process is especially important for tropical ecosystems that are often extremely nutrient limited. While tropical forests in the Northern Hemisphere receive dust inputs annually from the Sahel and Sahara deserts, it is difficult to calculate the quantity of nutrients and the overall effect of the dust because of very low background rates of deposition. A major dust storm was generated in June 2020 from the deserts of North Africa that was transported across the Atlantic Ocean and into the Caribbean. The specific dust storm was estimated to be the biggest in the last fifty years. This event provides an opportunity to study the impacts of dust on tropical ecosystems. The project will quantify the dust inputs, their effect on soil and water quality, and their impacts on a tropical forest. The project will also develop a set of education and training opportunities for under-represented students. Broad dissemination of results will occur through making data available to the public. Multiple peer-reviewed manuscripts will be produced that describe this extreme event and its ecological significance for tropical ecosystems.Dust from the Sahel and Sahara of North Africa provides an annual and reliable source of calcium, magnesium, and phosphorous to tropical forests in the Caribbean. This dust is usually deposited in small quantities, but in June 2020 Puerto Rico experienced a large magnitude dust storm. The effects are likely to be significant for biological processes that can be nutrient-limited in highly weathered landscapes. To study these effects, sampling of soil water, wells, and streams will occur at high frequency (weekly) in watersheds of the Luquillo Mountains of Puerto Rico. A network of water quality sensors is already in place and will record water quality every 15 minutes, as well as the biotic signatures of stream primary productivity and respiration through changes in dissolved oxygen. These data will be used to test the hypothesis that massive dust inputs alter watershed-scale biogeochemical cycles. To understand the watershed-scale response, these dust inputs will be connected to soil solution and groundwater chemistry, following their subsequent export to the stream network, and the biotic response of the stream ecosystem will be assessed.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

尘埃在地球表面的运动是一个重要过程，将营养带入生态系统。这个过程对于通常受到极限营养的热带生态系统尤为重要。北半球的热带森林每年从萨赫勒和撒哈拉沙漠中收到灰尘输入，但由于沉积的背景速率非常低，很难计算养分的数量和灰尘的总体影响。 2020年6月，北非沙漠造成了一场大型沙尘暴，该沙漠跨过大西洋跨过大西洋进入加勒比海地区。据估计，在过去五十年中，特定的沙尘暴估计是最大的。该活动提供了研究尘埃对热带生态系统的影响的机会。该项目将量化灰尘输入，对土壤和水质的影响以及它们对热带森林的影响。该项目还将为代表性不足的学生开发一系列教育和培训机会。通过向公众提供数据，将发生广泛的结果传播。将产生多个同行评审的手稿，描述了这一极端事件及其对热带生态系统的生态意义。北非萨赫勒和萨哈拉的dust提供了年度可靠的钙，镁，镁和磷磷的钙来源。这种灰尘通常少量沉积，但在2020年6月，波多黎各经历了大量的沙尘暴。这种影响对于可以在高度风化的景观中受到营养限制的生物过程可能很重要。为了研究这些影响，在波多黎各卢奎洛山脉的流域中，土壤水，水井和溪流的采样将在高频（每周）中发生。水质传感器的网络已经到位，每15分钟都会记录每15分钟的水质，以及通过溶解氧气的变化，溪流主要生产力和呼吸的生物特征。这些数据将用于检验以下假设：大量的灰尘输入改变了分水岭的生物地球化学周期。 To understand the watershed-scale response, these dust inputs will be connected to soil solution and groundwater chemistry, following their subsequent export to the stream network, and the biotic response of the stream ecosystem will be assessed.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

项目成果

Long‐Term Changes in Concentration and Yield of Riverine Dissolved Silicon From the Poles to the Tropics

从两极到热带河流溶解硅浓度和产量的长期变化

• DOI: 10.1029/2022gb007678
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Global Biogeochemical Cycles
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Jankowski, Kathi Jo;Johnson, Keira;Sethna, Lienne;Julian, Paul;Wymore, Adam S.;Shogren, Arial J.;Thomas, Patrick K.;Sullivan, Pamela L.;McKnight, Diane M.;McDowell, William H.
• 通讯作者: McDowell, William H.

Gradients of Anthropogenic Nutrient Enrichment Alter N Composition and DOM Stoichiometry in Freshwater Ecosystems

淡水生态系统中人为养分富集梯度改变氮组成和 DOM 化学计量

• DOI: 10.1029/2021gb006953
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Global Biogeochemical Cycles
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Wymore, Adam S.;Johnes, Penny J.;Bernal, Susana;Brookshire, E. N. Jack;Fazekas, Hannah M.;Helton, Ashley M.;Argerich, Alba;Barnes, Rebecca T.;Coble, Ashley A.;Dodds, Walter K.
• 通讯作者: Dodds, Walter K.

Viewing river corridors through the lens of critical zone science

• DOI: 10.3389/frwa.2023.1147561
• 发表时间: 2023-05
• 期刊: Sustainability
• 影响因子: 3.9
• 作者: A. Wymore;A. Ward;E. Wohl;J. Harvey

Catchment concentration–discharge relationships across temporal scales: A review

• DOI: 10.1002/wat2.1702
• 发表时间: 2023-12
• 期刊: Wiley Interdisciplinary Reviews: Water
• 作者: Shannon L. Speir;Lucy A. Rose;J. Blaszczak;D. Kincaid;Hannah M. Fazekas;A. J. Webster;Michelle A. Wolford;Arial J. Shogren;A. Wymore

Direct and Indirect Drivers of Energy and Nutrient Availability in Freshwater Ecosystems Across Spatial Scales

• DOI: 10.1029/2022gb007580
• 发表时间: 2023-05
• 期刊: Global Biogeochemical Cycles
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Hannah M. Fazekas;J. Brun;A. Wymore