NSFGEO-NERC: Collaborative Research - P2P: Predators to Plankton - Biophysical Controls in Antarctic Polynyas

NSFGEO-NERC：合作研究 - P2P：浮游生物的捕食者 - 南极冰间湖的生物物理控制

• 批准号: 2040048
• 负责人: Grant Ballard
• 金额: $ 12.87万
• 依托单位: Point Reyes Bird Observatory
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2022
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2022-01-01 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2040048&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: NSFGEO; NERC; Collaborative; Research; P2P

NSFGEO-NERC Collaborative Research: P2P: Predators to Plankton – Biophysical controls in Antarctic polynyasPart I: Non-technical description: The Ross Sea, a globally important ecological hotspot, hosts 25% to 45% of the world populations of Adélie and Emperor penguins, South Polar skuas, Antarctic petrels, and Weddell seals. It is also one of the few marine protected areas within the Southern Ocean, designed to protect the workings of its ecosystem. To achieve conservation requires participation in an international research and monitoring program, and more importantly integration of what is known about penguin as predators and the biological oceanography of their habitat. The project will acquire data on these species’ role within the local food web through assessing of Adélie penguin feeding grounds and food choices, while multi-sensor ocean gliders autonomously quantify prey abundance and distribution as well as ocean properties, including phytoplankton, at the base of the food web. Additionally, satellite imagery will quantify sea ice and whales, known penguin competitors, within the penguins’ foraging area. Experienced and young researchers will be involved in this project, as will a public outreach program that reaches more than 200 school groups per field season, and with an excess of one million visits to a website on penguin ecology. Lessons about ecosystem change, and how it is measured, i.e. the STEM fields, will be emphasized. Results will be distributed to the world scientific and management communities. Part II: Technical description: This project, in collaboration with the United Kingdom (UK) National Environmental Research Council (NERC), assesses food web structure in the southwestern Ross Sea, a major portion of the recently established Ross Sea Region Marine Protected Area that has been designed to protect the region’s food web structure, dynamics and function. The in-depth, integrated ecological information collected in this study will contribute to the management of this system. The southwestern Ross Sea, especially the marginal ice zone of the Ross Sea Polynya (RSP), supports global populations of iconic and indicator species: 25% of Emperor penguins, 30% of Adélie penguins, 50% of South Polar skuas, and 45% of Weddell seals. However, while individually well researched, the role of these members as predators has been poorly integrated into understanding of Ross Sea food web dynamics and biogeochemistry. Information from multi-sensor ocean gliders, high-resolution satellite imagery, diet analysis and biologging of penguins, when integrated, will facilitate understanding of the ‘preyscape’ within the intensively investigated biogeochemistry of the RSP. UK collaborators will provide state-of-the-art glider technology, glider programming, ballasting, and operation and expertise to evaluate the oceanographic conditions of the study area. Several young scientists will be involved, as well as an existing outreach program already developed that reaches annually more than 200 K-12 school groups and has more than one million website visits per month.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

NSFGEO-NERC 合作研究：P2P：浮游生物的捕食者 - 南极冰间湖的生物物理控制第一部分：非技术描述：罗斯海是全球重要的生态热点，栖息着世界上 25% 至 45% 的阿德利企鹅和帝企鹅，南极贼鸥、南极海燕和威德尔海豹也是南部地区为数不多的海洋保护区之一。海洋，旨在保护其生态系统的运作，需要参与国际研究和监测计划，更重要的是整合有关企鹅作为捕食者的知识及其栖息地的生物海洋学。通过评估阿德利企鹅的觅食地和食物选择，这些物种在当地食物网中的作用，而多传感器海洋滑翔机则自动量化食物网底部的猎物丰度和分布以及海洋特性，包括浮游植物。此外，卫星图像将量化企鹅觅食区内的海冰和鲸鱼（已知的企鹅竞争者），经验丰富的年轻研究人员将参与该项目，每个野外季节覆盖 200 多个学校团体的外展公共计划也将参与其中。关于生态系统变化及其测量方法（即 STEM 领域）的访问量超过 100 万次，结果将分发给世界科学和管理界。技术说明：该项目与英国国家环境研究委员会 (NERC) 合作，评估罗斯海西南部的食物网结构，罗斯海是最近建立的罗斯海地区海洋保护区的主要部分。保护该地区的食物网结构、动态和功能。本研究收集的深入、综合的生态信息将有助于罗斯海西南部，特别是罗斯海冰间湖边缘冰区的管理。 ），支持全球标志性和指示物种：25% 的帝企鹅、30% 的阿德利企鹅、50% 的南极贼鸥和 45% 的威德尔海豹。 然而，虽然对这些成员作为捕食者的角色进行了深入的研究，但人们对它们的了解却很少。罗斯海食物网动力学和生物地球化学信息来自多传感器海洋滑翔机、高分辨率卫星图像、企鹅的饮食分析和生物记录，将促进对 RSP 深入研究的生物地球化学中“猎物景观”的理解，英国合作者将提供最先进的滑翔机技术、滑翔机编程、压载以及评估研究区域海洋学条件的操作和专业知识。几位年轻科学家以及已经制定的现有外展计划将参与其中，该计划每年覆盖 200 多个 K-12 学校团体，每月网站访问量超过 100 万次。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，并被认为值得支持。