Collaborative Research: Contrasting the Effects of Aerosols on Marine Boundary Layer (MBL) Cloud-precipitation Properties and Processes in Boreal and Austral Mid-latitude Regions

合作研究：比较气溶胶对北方和南方中纬度地区海洋边界层（MBL）云降水特性和过程的影响

• 批准号: 2031752
• 负责人: Timothy Logan
• 金额: $ 7.83万
• 依托单位: Texas A&M University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-10-01 至 2023-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2031752&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Contrasting; Effects; Aerosols

The project is to investigate formation of marine-boundary-layer clouds, which are clouds that are directly influenced by the ocean. Particularly, how tiny suspended particles or aerosols contribute to clouds and how clouds interact with aerosols. Aerosols are generated from atmospheric, land, and oceanic processes such as urban/industrial activity, dust storms, burning vegetation, biological activity, sea spray, wind currents, and volcanoes. Certain aerosol types can initiate marine-boundary-layer cloud development more easily than others. This adds to the complexity and uncertainty of marine-boundary-layer cloud impacts on weather variations. Marine-boundary-layer clouds have significant climatological effects on the hydrological cycle and the Earth’s radiation balance. For example, varying distributions of marine-boundary-layer clouds around the globe contribute to areas of deficits and surpluses in solar energy and rainfall. Many studies have been conducted on aerosol-cloud interactions in the Northern Hemisphere where most of the global population and landmasses are located. Not much is known over the vast area of remote land and oceanic regions in the Southern Hemisphere. This study will investigate differences and similarities of aerosol-cloud interactions between the Northern and Southern Hemispheres by analyzing recent field observations and utilizing numerical model simulations. The project involves undergraduate and graduate students to participate in the research project and train them to be the next generation of scientists.This study employs long-term ground-based observations and remote sensing retrievals from a dedicated observation site in the Eastern North Atlantic Ocean and aircraft in situ measurements from two intensive field campaigns in 2018: 1) the Aerosol and Cloud Experiments in the Eastern North Atlantic (ACE-ENA), and 2) the Southern Ocean Clouds, Radiation, Aerosol Transport Experimental Study (SOCRATES). The research team utilizes a synergistic measurement/modeling approach in conjunction with meteorological patterns to compare the characteristics of marine-boundary-layer aerosol, cloud, and drizzle properties over the two hemispheres through answering three scientific questions. Those are: 1) what are the relative roles of surface cloud condensation nuclei and updrafts in aerosol-cloud interactions over the marine boundary layer and warm rain processes? 2) what are the characteristics of marine-boundary-layer aerosol, cloud and drizzle properties and their interactions during two field campaigns? 3) what are the characteristics of marine-boundary-layer aerosol, cloud, and drizzle properties, their interactions over the Southern Ocean, and their similarities and differences compared with those in the Eastern North Atlantic Ocean? Comparisons of precipitation processes and aerosol-cloud interactions at the two sites with significantly different environmental conditions will shed light on the controlling factors in aerosol-cloud interactions and eventually lead to a generalized parameterization for aerosol-cloud interactions applicable for the global climate models.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

该项目是为了调查小型悬浮粒子或气溶胶有助于云以及云与气溶胶的相互作用，以及海洋过程，例如城市/工业活动，燃烧植被，生物学活动，海洋喷雾某些气雾类型可以启动海洋云的云发展比其他云更容易。边界云D。南半球将通过分析田间观测和数值模型模拟学生参与研究项目，并培训了他们的长期研究，这项研究将调查南半球北部半球之间的气溶胶云相互作用的差异。从北大西洋东部的专用O型托架地点和飞机的原位测量中，2018年两次强化现场活动的现场测量值：1：1：1：1在北部北部北部北部的两次强化现场活动中进行现场测量，在北部北部北部北部的两次强化现场活动中进行了原位测量，在北部北部北部北部的两个强化现场活动中进行了基于术语的观测和遥感检索。大西洋（ACE-ENA）（苏格拉底）。表面云核的相对作用是在海上云的相互作用中的相对作用，在两个田间运动中，海洋边界层和温暖的雨水过程中的相互作用是什么？与东部IC海洋中的相似性和差异相比关于Aerosol-Cloud相互作用中的控制因子，用于全球IMATE模型的气溶胶云相互作用应用程序的广义参数化。该奖项反映了NSF的Beend DemeD值得对基金会的Intellec Tual的Suthy ofRough评估，并反映了更广泛的影响标准。