Collaborative Research: RUI: Mathematical and empirical investigation of a reaction-diffusion system for spot formation in hybrid Mimulus

合作研究：RUI：混合酸浆中斑点形成反应扩散系统的数学和实证研究

基本信息

批准号：
2031272
负责人：
Arielle Cooley
金额：
$ 13.39万
依托单位：
Whitman College
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2021
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2021-03-15 至 2025-02-28
项目状态：
未结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2031272&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research RUI Mathematical empirical

项目摘要

Life on earth exhibits a dazzling array of patterns. These range from internal patterns, like the repetition of vertebrae in the spinal cord, to external patterns like the stripes of black pigment on a zebra. There are two ideas about how these patterns might form. The “positional specification” model is that the patterns are created by a set of genes being turned on in specific locations in a controlled fashion. The “reaction-diffusion” model is that patterns can arise from a self-organizing system of interacting genes. According to this second model, the location of each pattern component is determined by random fluctuations in one gene’s activity level. Other genes in the network respond to the first gene to create the elements needed for making a unit of the pattern. Some traits, such as petal spots in the monkeyflower genus Mimulus, appear to depend on both types of pattern formation. This petal-spot system is being used to study both positional specification and reaction-diffusion, and how they interact to create new, complex patterns in nature. The collaborative project creates research opportunities for one Ph.D. student and eighteen undergraduates. Three high school students will be recruited from a public school in rural Walla Walla, WA that specifically serves youth not routinely exposed to scientific experiences. Previous work in Mimulus has established that nectar guide spots of red anthocyanin pigment are formed in a manner consistent with a reaction-diffusion system. The discovery of elaborate spot patterns in the petal lobes of Mimulus cupreus x M. luteus var. variegatus hybrids creates a unique opportunity to examine (a) whether this reaction-diffusion system explains floral patterning in Mimulus more generally, (b) whether positional cues originating from petal vasculature shape these patterns, and (c) how the inter-genomic interactions associated with hybridization can generate novel phenotypes not seen in either parent species. The researchers will first develop a reaction-diffusion model that recreates the distribution of anthocyanin spotting phenotypes observed in a hybrid F2 genetic mapping population. They will test this model by examining the diverse sets of homozygous genotypes present in a Recombinant Inbred Line population, and by using transgenic manipulation to alter the expression of key genes in the anthocyanin regulatory network. Finally, they will investigate the hypothesis that petal vasculature influences the location of spot formation. This will be achieved by using digital image analysis and spatial statistics to test for correlations between spot and vein locations, and experimentally manipulating vein development through chemical and transgenic perturbations to test for effects on spot formation.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

地球上的生活表现出令人眼花and乱的图案。这些范围从内部模式，例如脊髓中椎骨的重复到外部模式，例如斑马上的黑色色素条纹。关于这些模式如何形成有两个想法。 “位置规范”模型是这些模式是通过以受控方式在特定位置打开的一组基因创建的。 “反应扩散”模型是，模式可以由相互作用基因的自组织系统产生。根据第二个模型，每个模式成分的位置取决于一个基因活性水平的随机波动。网络中的其他基因响应第一个基因，以创建制作模式单位所需的元素。某些特征，例如Mimulus猴子属中的花瓣斑，似乎取决于两种类型的图案形成。该花瓣斑点系统用于研究位置规范和反应扩散，以及它们如何相互作用以创建自然界中的新型，复杂的模式。该协作项目为一家博士创造了研究机会。学生和十八位本科生。将在华盛顿州农村瓦拉·沃拉（Walla Walla）的一所公立学校中招募三名高中生，该学校专门为不经常接触科学经历的青年提供服务。 Mimulus的先前工作已经确定，红色花青素色素的花蜜指南斑点是与反应扩散系统一致的方式形成的。在Mimulus cupreus X M. Luteus var的花瓣之爱中发现了精美的点模式。 Variegatus杂种创造了一个独特的机会来检查（a）此反应扩散系统是否更一般地解释了Mimulus中的花卉图案，（b）源自源自花瓣脉管的位置提示是否构成了这些模式，以及（c）与杂交相关的基因组间相互作用如何产生在任一位父母中都不看到的新型现象。研究人员将首先开发一个反应扩散模型，该模型重现在混合F2遗传图群中观察到的花青素斑点表型的分布。他们将通过检查重组近交系群体中存在的潜水员集合，并使用转基因操纵来改变花青素调节网络中关键基因的表达来测试该模型。最后，他们将研究花瓣脉管系统影响斑点形成的位置的假设。这将通过使用数字图像分析和空间统计数据来测试现场和静脉位置之间的相关性，并通过化学和转基因扰动通过实验操纵静脉发展来测试对现场形成的影响。该奖项反映了NSF的法规任务，并认为通过基金会的知识优点和广泛的crietia crietia criperia criperia criperia criperia criperia criperia criperia criperia criperia criperia criperia criperia均被视为珍贵。