RAPID: Who is (Not) Complying with the Social Distancing Directive and Why?

RAPID：谁（不）遵守社交距离指令？为什么？

• 批准号: 2031097
• 负责人: Russell Fazio
• 金额: $ 6.38万
• 依托单位: Ohio State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-05-01 至 2021-04-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2031097&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RAPID; Who; Complying; Social; Distancing

In the current COVID-19 pandemic, one approach to minimizing the spread of the virus focuses on people’s behavior – social distancing. Since the start of the pandemic, government leaders and health experts have requested citizens to follow social distancing directives. Despite this repeated message and despite the fact that many people are taking the message seriously, many others are violating the new norms. That raises important questions: who is and who is not complying, and why? Understanding why people choose not to practice social distancing is crucial for designing effective public service campaigns. This research investigates who complies, what specific beliefs should be addressed, and what factors make public campaigns believable. The project seeks to identify the factors that lead to greater compliance for the greater good, and will inform future public service campaigns. A series of studies examines how social distancing behaviors vary as a function of belief systems. An innovative measure of social distancing is developed – one that is more behavioral in nature than the typical survey. The critical beliefs that are to be examined stem from a conceptual framework regarding a directive as involving three essential components. One is the source -- someone is requesting people to change their behavior. A second is the surrounding context -- the request is in response to some challenge. The third component is the target -- the persons to whom the request is addressed. Belief systems relevant to each of these three components are expected to influence the likelihood that people will comply with the request. As a result, an entire network of beliefs is expected to influence how people respond and why. Some individuals’ belief systems will lead them to view the request favorably, thus promoting appropriate social distancing behaviors. Others will reach more negative conclusions and subsequently refuse to take directives seriously. Once the concerns about the pandemic have lessened, study participants will be re-contacted and asked to again respond to social distancing behavioral scenarios and to indicate if they had experienced virus symptoms in the interim. Those follow-up data will shed light on the relationship between individuals’ social distancing behaviors and their subsequent likelihood of infection. The research aims to inform theory regarding social compliance processes, and will provide a stronger foundation for developing future public service campaigns.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

在当前的 COVID-19 大流行中，减少病毒传播的一种方法是关注人们的行为——保持社交距离。尽管如此，政府领导人和卫生专家仍要求公民遵守社交距离指令。尽管许多人认真对待这一信息，但还有许多人违反了新规范，这提出了重要的问题：谁遵守了，谁不遵守，为什么？了解人们为什么选择不实行社交距离对于设计至关重要。这项研究调查了谁。该项目旨在找出导致更大利益的更大合规性的因素，并为未来的公共服务活动提供信息，以探讨如何保持社交距离。行为随着信念系统的变化而变化。一种创新的社交距离测量方法被开发出来，这种测量方法本质上比典型的调查更具行为性。要审查的关键信念源于一个涉及三个基本要素的指令的概念框架。一是源头——有人要求人们改变。第二个是周围环境——请求是为了响应某些挑战——第三个组成部分是目标——与这三个组成部分相关的信念系统。因此，整个信仰网络预计会影响人们的反应方式以及原因，一些人的信仰体系将引导他们积极看待该请求，从而促进适当的社交疏远行为。其他人会得出更多负面结论，并随后拒绝认真对待指示。对大流行的担忧有所减轻，研究参与者将被重新联系，并被要求再次对社交疏远行为场景做出反应，并表明他们在此期间是否经历过病毒症状，这些后续数据将揭示个体之间的关系。该研究旨在为有关社会合规流程的理论提供依据，并将为反映未来的公共服务活动提供更坚实的基础。该奖项符合 NSF 的法定使命，并通过评估被认为值得支持。利用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的影响审查标准。