Collaborative Research: Ethical Considerations in Three-Dimensional Digitization of Indigenous Heritage

合作研究：土著遗产三维数字化的伦理考虑

• 批准号: 2025743
• 负责人: Medea Csoba DeHass
• 金额: $ 19.36万
• 依托单位: Des Moines Area Community College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-01 至 2023-05-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2025743&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Ethical; Considerations; Three

Three-dimensional digital models are increasingly prevalent in preserving tangible and intangible aspects of Indigenous material heritage. Yet, there are no comprehensive, clearly laid-out best practices that can guide researchers, Indigenous communities, and museum personnel in designing ethically sound and socially engaged 3D heritage preservation projects. The use of 3D technologies for heritage preservation and providing public access to digital 3D collections is well-established in the European context. While there have been several robust efforts on digitizing European national heritage, in the U.S. context, the focus often involves work with Indigenous heritage, instantly placing 3D projects into a post-colonial research paradigm with a complex set of ethical ramifications. This research examines emerging thoughts from the European context and connects them with best practices in digital Indigenous data management to identify practices that contribute to cultures of academic integrity that are inclusive of all stakeholder voices. This work fosters ethical cultures of STEM through the development of a comprehensive Responsible Conduct of Research guiding document that can be adapted to address culture-specific Indigenous perspectives as well as project-specific challenges in future 3D heritage preservation endeavors. Project goals are accomplished through workshops and virtual collaborations that bring together researchers, Indigenous community members, and heritage preservation professionals with previous experience in the responsible management, protection, and sharing of Indigenous digital data and the use of 3D technology for heritage preservation. The collaboratively produced guidelines outline ethical considerations that can be used in developing: 1) partnerships with origin/descendant communities, 2) institution- and collection-specific museum policies on using 3D technology, 3) Tribal policies for culturally appropriate use of 3D technologies, and 4) training material and curriculum that integrates with other research compliance regulations pertaining to heritage preservation. The project explores the questions that have emerged through previous experiences using 3D technologies to preserve Indigenous ancestral heritage. These questions include the factors contributing to developing ethically sound 3D heritage preservation projects; the practices useful in 3D projects to foster a culture of integrity that equally engages academic and Indigenous perspectives; consideration for what constitutes Responsible Conduct of Research in using 3D technologies to preserve Indigenous cultural heritage; and addressing practice-based questions that contribute to understanding ethical challenges in digitally preserving and presenting Indigenous heritage. The project situates 3D modeling and heritage representation as part of the larger discourse on decolonizing core methodologies in museum management and anthropological collection practices. Results from this work can be adapted to training future researchers and digital heritage management professionals and creating meaningful partnerships in heritage documentation. This research cultivates cultures of academic integrity by informing heritage management policy on the critical importance of heritage ethics for the creation and management of 3D digitization projects involving Indigenous collections. This award is funded by the Directorate of Geosciences and the Directorate of Education and Human Resources.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

三维数字模型在保护土著物质遗产的有形和无形方面越来越普遍。然而，目前还没有全面、清晰的最佳实践可以指导研究人员、原住民社区和博物馆工作人员设计符合道德规范且具有社会参与性的 3D 遗产保护项目。在欧洲，使用 3D 技术进行遗产保护并为公众提供数字 3D 藏品的访问已经很成熟。尽管在欧洲国家遗产数字化方面已经做出了一些强有力的努力，但在美国，重点往往涉及土著遗产的工作，立即将 3D 项目置于具有一系列复杂伦理影响的后殖民研究范式中。这项研究考察了欧洲背景下的新兴思想，并将它们与数字本土数据管理的最佳实践联系起来，以确定有助于包容所有利益相关者声音的学术诚信文化的实践。这项工作通过制定全面的负责任的研究行为指导文件来培育 STEM 的道德文化，该文件可以适应解决特定文化的土著观点以及未来 3D 遗产保护工作中特定项目的挑战。项目目标是通过研讨会和虚拟合作来实现的，这些研讨会和虚拟合作将研究人员、原住民社区成员和遗产保护专业人员聚集在一起，这些专业人员在负责管理、保护和共享原住民数字数据以及使用 3D 技术进行遗产保护方面拥有丰富的经验。合作制定的指南概述了可用于制定以下方面的道德考虑因素：1) 与原籍/后裔社区的伙伴关系，2) 针对特定机构和藏品的博物馆关于使用 3D 技术的政策，3) 在文化上适当使用 3D 技术的部落政策， 4) 与遗产保护相关的其他研究合规法规相结合的培训材料和课程。该项目探讨了以往使用 3D 技术保护土著祖先遗产的经验中出现的问题。这些问题包括有助于开发符合道德规范的 3D 遗产保护项目的因素；在 3D 项目中有用的实践，可培养平等地吸收学术和土著观点的诚信文化；考虑使用 3D 技术保护土著文化遗产时负责任的研究行为的构成；解决基于实践的问题，有助于理解数字化保护和呈现土著遗产的道德挑战。该项目将 3D 建模和遗产表征作为博物馆管理和人类学收藏实践中去殖民化核心方法论的更大讨论的一部分。这项工作的结果可以用于培训未来的研究人员和数字遗产管理专业人员，并在遗产文献方面建立有意义的合作伙伴关系。这项研究通过向遗产管理政策传达遗产道德对于涉及土著藏品的 3D 数字化项目的创建和管理的至关重要性来培育学术诚信文化。该奖项由地球科学局以及教育和人力资源局资助。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。