RoL: Collaborative Proposal: Integrating responses to environmental change across the biological hierarchy: interactions between behavior, plasticity, and genetic change

RoL：协作提案：整合整个生物层次对环境变化的响应：行为、可塑性和遗传变化之间的相互作用

• 批准号: 2024179
• 负责人: Christian Cox
• 金额: $ 46.85万
• 依托单位: Florida International University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-12-01 至 2025-11-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2024179&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RoL; Collaborative; Proposal; Integrating; responses

The environments in which animals live are changing rapidly as a result of human actions, but species have also had to deal with rapidly changing environments during Earth’s past, long before humans were on the scene. Species have adapted to abrupt climate oscillations during the Pleistocene and to novel environments when they colonized new land masses via natural dispersal events. Thus, adaptation to rapid environmental change is an important phenomenon that many species have experienced throughout their evolutionary history. Nevertheless, scientists lack a detailed understanding of the factors that allow some species to avoid extinction during environmental upheaval, while others perish. One major reason that faster progress has not been made in this field is that organisms can respond in several distinct ways when their environments begin to change. Some of these responses, like behavioral adjustments, occur within the lifetime of individual organisms, whereas others, like genetic adaptation, occur over multiple generations. Critically, these responses can interact in complex ways, and to truly understand how species adapt to rapid environmental change we must examine when and how these various responses interact in the wild. This project leverages a unique field experiment to directly measure the responses of wild animals to abrupt shifts in their local environments. The researchers will transplant hundreds of slender anole lizards from a population on mainland Panama to islands in the Panama Canal. These islands differ in their environments. The researchers will then measure behavioral, genetic, and physiological responses in real time to understand how species can adapt to rapid environmental change. The results of this study will be used to help improve predictions of the responses of species to human driven phenomena like climate change, and to understand why some species have gone extinct during prehistoric periods of environmental change whereas others persisted. Finally, the researchers will implement their Evolution in Action (EIA) program, which includes an online, live-action children’s science education show where student scientists from diverse backgrounds will interact with the public.We currently lack a compelling framework by which to understand and predict the responses of populations to rapid changes in their environment because studies 1) rarely consider the simultaneous impact of rapid environmental change on multiple levels of the biological hierarchy (e.g. genes, individuals, populations), 2) are infrequently conducted on contemporary time scales, and 3) tend to focus on one adaptive process (e.g. genetic change) to the exclusion of others (e.g. behavior) when these processes are likely to interact in dynamic feedback loops. For this project, researchers will move Anolis lizards from a single source population to islands in the Panama Canal that vary in habitat structure and climate. They will combine a diverse array of field and laboratory studies to understand how interactions between behavior, plasticity, and genetic change mediate population persistence when environments change. The results of this project will lend themselves towards next-generation predictive models for the responses of organisms to human-mediated environmental change and may reveal new rules by which cross-generational processes such as behavioral inertia and genetic accommodation mediate extinction risk during rapid environmental change.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

由于人类行为，动物生活的环境正在迅速发生变化，但是在人类现场之前，物种也必须应对地球过去迅速变化的环境。在更新世期间，当物种通过自然分散事件殖民新土地时，已适应了在更新世期间突然的气候振荡和新颖的环境。这是许多物种在进化史上经历的重要现象。然而，科学家对允许某些物种在环境动荡期间避免扩展的因素缺乏详细的理解，而另一些则灭亡。在该领域未取得更快进步的主要原因之一是，当生物的环境开始变化时，有机体可以以几种不同的方式做出反应。这些反应中的一些（例如行为调整）发生在单个组织的生命周期内，而其他反应（例如遗传适应）发生在多代人中。至关重要的是，这些反应可以以复杂的方式相互作用，并真正了解物种如何适应快速的环境变化，我们必须检查何时以及如何在野外相互作用。该项目利用独特的现场实验直接测量野生动物对当地环境中突然转移的反应。研究人员将从巴拿马大陆的一个人口移植到巴拿马运河的岛屿。这些岛屿在它们的环境中有所不同。然后，研究人员将实时测量行为，遗传和身体反应，以了解物种如何适应快速环境变化。这项研究的结果将用于帮助改善物种对人类驱动现象（如气候变化）的反应的预测，并了解为什么某些物种在史前环境变化时期灭绝了，而另一些物种则持续存在。最后，研究人员将实施其行动进化（EIA）计划，其中包括一个在线，真人，儿童科学教育节目，其中来自潜水员背景的学生科学家将与公众互动。我们目前缺乏令人信服的框架，通过该框架可以理解和预测人们对环境快速变化的反应，因为研究1）很少考虑对环境的简单影响对多个型号的范围的简单影响。当这些过程很可能在动态反馈回路中相互作用时，很少会在当代时间量表上进行当代时间量表，而3）倾向于将重点放在一个自适应过程（例如遗传变化）上。对于这个项目，研究人员将把Anolis蜥蜴从单一来源人口转移到栖息地结构和气候各不相同的巴拿马运河中的岛屿。他们将结合一系列领域和实验室研究，以了解行为，可塑性和遗传变化之间的相互作用如何介导环境变化时人口持久性。该项目的结果将为下一代预测模型提供对生物对人介导的环境变化的反应的下一代预测模型，并可能揭示新的规则，诸如行为惯性和遗传适应性媒体扩展在快速环境变化期间的跨代过程（例如行为惯性和遗传适应性的风险）在快速的环境变化期间。这奖奖励NSF的法定任务，并通过评估范围来评估支持者的知识范围，并概述了基金会的支持。

项目成果

Sustained Drought, but Not Short-Term Warming, Alters the Gut Microbiomes of Wild Anolis Lizards

• DOI: 10.1128/aem.00530-22
• 发表时间: 2022-09
• 期刊: Applied and Environmental Microbiology
• 影响因子: 4.4
• 作者: Claire E. Williams;Jordan G. Kueneman;D. Nicholson;Adam A. Rosso;Edita Folfas;Brianna Casement;Maria A Gallegos-Koyner;Lauren K. Neel;J. D. Curlis;W. McMillan;C. L. Cox;Michael L. Logan

Island colonisation leads to rapid behavioural and morphological divergence in Anolis lizards

岛屿殖民导致安乐蜥蜴的行为和形态迅速分化

• DOI: 10.1007/s10682-023-10248-2
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Evolutionary Ecology
• 影响因子: 1.9
• 作者: Nicholson, Daniel J.;Knell, Robert J.;Folfas, Edita;Neel, Lauren K.;Degon, Zachariah;DuBois, Madeline;Ortiz-Ross, Xochitl;Chung, Albert K.;Curlis, John David;Thurman, Timothy J.
• 通讯作者: Thurman, Timothy J.