Collaborative Research: TransANdean Great Orogeny (TANGO)

合作研究：跨安第斯大造山运动（TANGO）

• 批准号: 2021040
• 负责人: Steven Roecker
• 金额: $ 39.13万
• 依托单位: Rensselaer Polytechnic Institute
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-15 至 2024-07-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2021040&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; TransANdean; Great; Orogeny

Mountain belts form Earth’s highest topography, thus affecting global atmospheric and oceanic circulation, ocean chemistry, biological evolution and ecology. Nevertheless, one of the outstanding scientific question remains: how does plate tectonics produce mountains? One of the largest mountain belts on Earth are the Andes of South America. The Andes are especially important because they span ~70° of latitude across several global climate zones and exert first-order controls on ocean circulation and climate. The Andes also contain some of the highest elevations and thickest crust (upper layer of rock that we live on) on Earth. Yet, there is not a comprehensive framework for understanding how the Andes are formed and how they relate to the subduction zone where the oceanic Nazca plate is descending beneath the western edge of the South America Plate. This project will build a framework incorporating new geologic, geochemical and seismic data to understand the present day structure of the Andes incorporating high resolution seismic images and to evaluate through geologic studies how the Andean Mountains formed and the conditions necessary to build large mountain belts.This project will produce an integrated diverse Earth subsystem (mantle-lithosphere-surface) 3D model based on the Andes and advance our understanding of the dynamics of cordilleran-type orogenic systems and the relative roles of the lithosphere, asthenosphere and lower mantle. The new geologic and geophysical data collected will test existing mantle- and lithosphere-scale models of cordillera mountain building. This research will integrate geophysics, geodynamic modeling, structural geology, basin analysis, petrology and geochemistry to investigate the effects of slab geometry, slab penetration (into the lower mantle), forearc underplating, and the presence or absence of a craton on crustal thickening and surface evolution (subsidence and uplift). This project will evaluate different controls on mountain building, surface uplift and paleo-environments with implications for biodiversity, ocean circulation, climate, and geohazards. Results from this study will aid in a deeper understanding of the interactions between deep Earth and the crustal structure of the Central Andes and the location and behavior of active faults in one of the most seismically active regions of South America, thereby contributing to better seismic hazard assessment. Results from this research will be used to build on an ongoing effort to apply artificial intelligence (AI) to Geosciences. A new student exchange program between the UA and Argentina will enhance international collaborations and provide a unique opportunity for students to learn the geology of the North and South American Cordilleras.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

山带形成地球最高的地形，从而影响全球大气和海洋循环，海洋化学，生物进化和生态学。然而，杰出的科学问题之一仍然存在：板块构造如何产生山脉？地球上最大的山带之一是南美安第斯山脉。安第斯山脉特别重要，因为它们跨越了几个全球气候区域的纬度约70°，并且对海洋循环和气候进行了一阶控制。安第斯山脉还包含地球上的一些最高海拔和最厚的外壳（我们所生活的岩石上层）。然而，没有一个全面的框架来了解安第斯山脉的形成方式，以及它们如何与俯冲区的联系，那里的海洋纳斯卡板板正降落在南美板块的西边缘之下。 This project will build a framework encoding new geologic, geochemical and seismic data to understand the present day structure of the Andes incorporating high resolution seismic images and to evaluate through geologic studies how the Andean Mountains formed and the conditions necessary to build large mountain belts.This project will produce an integrated diverge Earth subsystem (mantle-lithosphere-surface) 3D model based on the Andes and advance our understanding of the dynamics of Cordilleran型造山学系统以及岩石圈，软圈和下地幔的相对作用。收集的新的地质和地球物理数据将测试Cordillera Mountain Building的现有地幔和岩石圈规模的模型。这项研究将整合地球物理学，地球动力学建模，结构地质学，盆地分析，岩石学和地球化学，以研究平板几何形状，平板渗透（进入较低地幔）的影响，前臂下降以及craton对地壳增厚和表面进化的存在或不存在。该项目将评估对山地建筑，地表隆起和古环境的不同控制，对生物多样性，海洋循环，气候和地球岩有影响。这项研究的结果将有助于更深入地了解中央安第斯山脉的深地球与地壳结构之间的相互作用，以及南美最激进的区域之一中主动断层的位置和行为，从而有助于更好的地震危险评估。这项研究的结果将以持续的努力为基础，以将人工智能（AI）应用于地球科学。 UA和阿根廷之间的一项新的学生交流计划将增强国际合作，并为学生提供了一个独特的机会学习北美和南美山脉的地质学。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛的影响审查标准通过评估来获得支持的。

项目成果

Double Differencing by Demeaning: Applications to Hypocenter Location and Wavespeed Tomography

通过贬义进行双重差分：在震源定位和波速断层扫描中的应用

• DOI: 10.1785/0120210007
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Bulletin of the Seismological Society of America
• 影响因子: 3
• 作者: Roecker, Steven;Maharaj, Ariane;Meyers, Sean;Comte, Diana
• 通讯作者: Comte, Diana