Collaborative Research: MRA: Scaling from Traits to Forest Ecosystem Fluxes and Responses to Climate Change, from Stand to Continent

合作研究：MRA：从特征到森林生态系统通量的尺度以及对气候变化的响应，从林分到大陆

基本信息

批准号：
2017949
负责人：
Lawren Sack
金额：
$ 87.37万
依托单位：
University of California-Los Angeles
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-09-01 至 2024-08-31
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2017949&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
Collaborative Research MRA Scaling Traits

项目摘要

Knowledge of changes in forest carbon and water, the “breathing of the ecosystem”, is critical to assess how forests function and the stresses they face, and to predict and manage the Earth environment. However, there are large gaps in our understanding of fluctuations in forest characteristics, and in how they vary in time and space. These gaps hinder our ability to predict how different forests respond to environmental change. This project utilizes an unprecedented opportunity provided by the NSF National Ecological Observatory Network (NEON) to determine how forest response to climate instability depends on the properties (traits) of the plant species in the forest. This project will address critical gaps by clarifying how plant traits that influence forest growth and water use vary with the environment at given sites and across the continental U.S. Researchers will also use state-of-the-art models to provide a new ability to predict forest function from the level of small clusters of trees all the way to the continental scale. They will then use this information to develop a new theory to enhance the ability of ecologists to predict forest ecosystem responses to environmental change. This project will be integrated with broader impacts in student training, and local workshops to communicate the science and its accessibility to the local research and education communities within our institutions and in the proximity of NEON sites, and beyond, to the global research and education communities.This project will provide a mechanistic understanding of the role of traits in determining fluxes for 10 forested NEON sites across the continent and a new paradigm to upscale fluxes from stand to the continental US. Our overarching hypothesis is that species’ traits strongly mediate the temporal and spatial scales of variation in ecosystem responses to climate in relation to carbon and water cycles. We will answer three key questions: (1) How do functional traits vary with environment and climate across forests of the continental USA? For species of NEON sites we will measure traits with crucial influence on water transport, gas exchange and resource economics, test the relationships of traits to climatic factors, and apply these relationships to map traits across forests of the continental USA. (2) How do climate and traits influence forest water use and productivity? We will assimilate the trait data into mechanistic terrestrial ecosystem models to quantify the sensitivity of predicted canopy fluxes to trait diversity within and across sites at multiple time scales. (3) How will shifts in climate, disturbance and species composition influence canopy fluxes? Using parameterized models, we will test the influence of climate and disturbances on ecosystem fluxes, and how these vary depending on trait diversity within and across forest sites.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

了解森林碳和水的变化，即“生态系统的呼吸”，对于评估森林的功能和面临的压力以及预测和管理地球环境至关重要。但是，我们对森林特征波动以及它们在时空的变化的理解中存在很大差距。这些差距阻碍了我们预测不同森林如何应对环境变化的能力。该项目利用NSF国家生态观测网络（NEON）提供的前所未有的机会来确定森林对气候不稳定性的反应如何取决于森林中植物物种的特性（特征）。该项目将通过阐明影响森林生长和用水的植物特征如何在给定地点以及整个美国连续研究人员的环境方面有所不同，以解决关键差距，这也将使用最先进的模型来提供新的能力，从而从一小部分树木的水平一直到连续规模。然后，他们将使用这些信息来开发一种新理论，以增强生态学家预测森林生态系统对环境变化的反应的能力。该项目将在学生培训和当地讲习班中与更广泛的影响相结合，以传达科学及其可访问性，以与我们机构内部的本地研究和教育社区以及霓虹灯站点及其他地区的接近度以及全球研究和教育社区的接近，这将提供对确定森林范围跨越森林范围的现场作用的机械理解，以确定跨越森林范围的范围，并提供跨越森林的范围的作用，并提供一项跨越森林的范围，并提供了一项跨越的范围，并提供了跨越森林的范围的范围。连续的我们。我们的总体假设是，物种的特征强烈介导了与碳和水周期有关的生态系统对气候的暂时和空间尺度。我们将回答三个关键问题：（1）功能性状如何随着美国连续森林的环境和气候而变化？对于霓虹灯地点的物种，我们将测量对水运输，气体交换和资源经济学至关重要的特征，测试特征与气候因素的关系，并将这些关系应用于跨美国连续森林的特征。（2）气候和特征如何影响森林用水和生产力？我们将将这些性状数据同化为机械陆地生态系统模型，以量化预测的冠层通量对在多个时间尺度内和跨站点内部和跨站点的性状多样性的敏感性。（3）气候，灾难和物种组成的变化将如何影响冠层通量？使用参数化模型，我们将测试气候和灾难对生态系统通量的影响，以及它们如何取决于森林遗址内部和跨越森林的特征多样性的不同。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛影响的审查标准来通过评估来支持的。

项目成果

期刊论文数量（46）

专著数量（0）

科研奖励数量（0）

会议论文数量（0）

专利数量（0）

Tree Canopies Reflect Mycorrhizal Composition

树冠反映菌根组成

DOI：
10.1029/2021gl092764
发表时间：
2021
期刊：
Geophysical Research Letters
影响因子：
5.2
作者：
Sousa, Daniel;Fisher, Joshua B.;Galvan, Fernando Romero;Pavlick, Ryan P.;Cordell, Susan;Giambelluca, Thomas W.;Giardina, Christian P.;Gilbert, Gregory S.;Imran‐Narahari, Faith;Litton, Creighton M.
通讯作者：
Litton, Creighton M.

A review of the heterogeneous landscape of biodiversity databases: Opportunities and challenges for a synthesized biodiversity knowledge base