Collaborative Research: Convective Gravity Waves in the Stratosphere (CGWaveS)

合作研究：平流层对流重力波（CGWaveS）

• 批准号: 2017263
• 负责人: David Fritts
• 金额: $ 169.99万
• 依托单位: GLOBAL ATMOSPHERIC TECHNOLOGIES AND SCIENCES, INC.
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2021
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2021-01-01 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2017263&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Convective; Gravity; Waves

Gravity waves in the atmosphere occur when a parcel of air is lifted, usually by terrain or updrafts in thunderstorms, and then gravity serves as a force to try to restore the parcel to an equilibrium state. The waves occur as the parcel overshoots its equilibrium point, rising or sinking because of its own momentum. Gravity waves play a large role in the atmosphere due to their ability to affect circulation patterns. This award is for the study of thunderstorm-induced gravity waves in the lower to middle atmosphere, using a research aircraft and remote sensing instruments. The observations will be combined with state-of-the-art numerical models to improve understanding of gravity waves and provide guidance for improving their representation in weather and climate models. The project will provide training opportunities for a number of students and early career researchers and public outreach will be conducted during a facility day and K-12 school visits.The collaborative research team will conduct a field campaign and associated modeling effort to increase understanding of convective gravity wave (CGW) dynamics and their role in atmospheric circulation, structure, and variability from Earth’s surface to the stratopause and above. Gravity waves that are generated by deep convection have not previously been quantified by full-column measurements. The CGWaveS field campaign will be conducted in the central US in June 2022 using the NSF/NCAR G-V research aircraft. The G-V will make in situ measurements using tracers of vertical transport and mixing and remote sensing measurements of radial winds from 15-25km using a Na resonance lidar and temperature and perturbations from 25-60km via a Rayleigh lidar. OH airglow measurements at 85km will provide additional data about the atmospheric structure. Multiple numerical models will be used, including the WRF in idealized and real-case configurations, the GATS Complex Geometry Compressible Atmosphere Model (CGCAM) and ERAU Model for Acoustic-Gravity wave Interactions and Coupling (MAGIC) for CGW responses extending throughout the stratosphere, and the GATS spectral DNS models that can resolve instabilities and turbulence. The measurement campaign and analysis and modeling efforts would focus on four main science goals: 1) Measure and quantify CGW generation, propagation, and variability throughout the troposphere and stratosphere, 2) Identify and quantify the convective source dynamics that dictate CGW character and orientations for a variety of source conditions, 3) Quantify CGW refraction in variable winds, breaking and instability dynamics, mean-flow interactions, and their effects in the stratosphere for a range of environments, and 4) Advance the parameterizations of both CGW generation by WSR-88D measurements and the resulting CGW nonlinear dynamics and influences in the troposphere and stratosphere.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

大气中的重力波在抬起空气（通常是通过地形或雷暴中升级）时发生的，然后重力是试图将包裹恢复到平衡状态的力量。随着包裹超过其平衡点，由于其自​​身的势头而升高或下沉，波浪发生。重力波在大气中起着很大的作用，因为它们能够影响循环模式。该奖项是用于使用研究飞机和遥感仪器研究雷暴诱导的重力波的研究。这些观察结果将与最先进的数值模型相结合，以提高对重力波的了解，并为改善其在天气和气候模型中的表示提供指导。该项目将为许多学生和早期的职业研究人员提供培训机会，并将在设施日和K-12学校访问中进行公共宣传。协作研究团队将进行现场运动和相关的建模努力，以提高对对流重力波（CGW）动态的了解及其在大气循环，结构，从地面到地面到稻草的作用。深度对话产生的重力波先前尚未通过全柱测量值量化。 CGWAVES现场活动将于2022年6月使用NSF/NCAR G-V研究飞机在美国中部进行。 G-V将使用垂直传输和混合的示踪剂进行原位测量，并使用NA共振激光雷达和温度从15-25 km进行径向风的遥感测量，并通过雷利激光雷达（Rayleigh Lidar）从25-60km进行扰动。 OH气流测量值85公里将提供有关大气结构的其他数据。将使用多种数值模型，包括理想化和实际案例配置中的WRF，GATS复杂的几何可压缩气氛模型（CGCAM）和ERAU模型，用于声波 - 重力波相互作用和CGW响应范围内延伸到整个平流层的响应，以及可以在整个平流层延伸的CGW响应以及GATS Spectral DNS模型，这些模型可以解决Instab和Trurmity Instability and Turmultials。测量活动，分析和建模工作将集中在四个主要科学目标上：1）衡量和量化整个对流层和稻草整个整个对流层和秸秆的CGW产生，传播和可变性，2）确定和量化对流源的动力学，这些动态决定了CGW特征和方向的方向，并在各种源条件下进行量化cgw频率及时差异，3）量化cgw频率的效果，3）差异频率及其效果，均可及时的效果，均可差异，并在变化范围内进行跨性别效果，并差异化，并在变化范围内差异，并差异性地差异性，并差异性地差异性，并在变化范围内差异，并差异性地差异性，均可差异性地，均可及时效果。在各种环境中，稻草球以及4）通过WSR-88D测量以及最终的CGW非线性动力学以及在对流层和平流层中的影响来推进CGW生成的参数。这奖反映了NSF的立法任务，并以基础知识的优点和广泛的评价来评估，这是NSF的立法任务，并以评估的支持为宝贵。