Collaborative Research: Exploring the role of exogenous polyphosphate in the precipitation of calcium phosphate minerals in the marine environment

合作研究：探索外源聚磷酸盐在海洋环境中磷酸钙矿物质沉淀中的作用

• 批准号: 2015310
• 负责人: Julia Diaz
• 金额: $ 5.53万
• 依托单位: University of California-San Diego Scripps Inst of Oceanography
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-06-30 至 2022-01-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2015310&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Exploring; role; exogenous

Phosphorous is an important nutrient sustaining all forms of life. In particular, in the ocean, phosphorous is a key limiting nutrient, controlling levels of primary productivity across large swaths of the ocean. Removal of phosphorous occurs largely via formation of stable apatite minerals in ocean sediments. However, average ocean conditions generally inhibit the formation of apatite, thus the abundance of apatite minerals in marine sediments is a mystery. This research aims to determine the mechanisms of apatite formation in the ocean to answer this century-old question. Evaluating these mechanisms will greatly advance current understanding of phosphorous cycling in the ocean. A more detailed understanding of phosphorous cycling can be applied across the disciplines of ocean science, and because of the importance of phosphorous as a nutrient and an element with a variety of interactions with other elements, it will be applicable to a variety of other research questions. The researchers are dedicated to promoting diversity in ocean science and plan to include undergraduate students from underrepresented groups in the study. They will also mentor a postdoc and communicate their science to the public and K-12 teachers via a blog entitled ?Britannica Blog?, the Atlanta Science Festival, a rock show, and educational material, the latter two to be developed as part of this work. Marine phosphorous burial via authigenic stable apatite formation in sediments is a major pathway for phosphorous removal in the ocean. However, in most marine environments, under natural conditions, this process is kinetically inhibited. It has been a mystery for more than a century as to how it is therefore possible for apatite to be oversaturated in large areas of marine sediments. A possible mechanism that could explain 95% of the apatite burial flux is that apatite minerals are precipitated as fine-grained particles from exogenous polyphosphate intermediates. Exogenous polyphosphates have been understudied, despite this possible importance as a mechanism for phosphorous removal. As a consequence this research could revolutionize current understanding of phosphorous cycling in the ocean for the major aim is to make a thorough and detailed study of the mechanisms behind marine apatite formation, focusing on the role of exogenous polyphosphate particles. Phosphorous is an element with widespread importance in ocean sciences, and more clearly understanding its burial will have applications across the disciplines.

磷是维持各种生活形式的重要营养。特别是，在海洋中，磷是一个关键的限制营养素，控制着大海洋大片的主要生产力水平。去除磷的去除主要是通过形成海洋沉积物中稳定的磷灰石矿物质发生的。但是，平均海洋条件通常会抑制磷灰石的形成，因此海洋沉积物中磷灰石矿物的丰度是一个谜。这项研究旨在确定海洋中磷灰石形成的机制，以回答这个百年历史的问题。评估这些机制将大大提高人们对海洋磷循环的当前理解。对磷自行车的更详细的了解可以在海洋科学学科中应用，并且由于磷作为营养素的重要性以及与其他元素相互作用的元素的重要性，因此它将适用于其他各种研究问题。研究人员致力于促进海洋科学的多样性，并计划在研究中包括来自代表性不足的群体的本科生。他们还将通过一个名为“大不列颠博客”的博客，亚特兰大科学节（Atlanta Science Festival），一个摇滚表演和教育材料，将科学传达给公众和K-12老师，并将其作为这项工作的一部分开发。 在沉积物中通过身份稳定的磷灰石形成的海洋磷埋葬是海洋中磷的主要途径。但是，在大多数海洋环境中，在自然条件下，该过程在动力学上被抑制。因此，一个多世纪以来，这是一个谜，因此，在大型海洋沉积物中，磷灰石如何使磷灰石过饱和。一种可能解释95％的磷灰石埋葬通量的可能机制是，磷灰石矿物是从外源性多磷酸盐中间体中作为细粒颗粒沉淀的。尽管这可能是去除磷的机制，但外源性多磷酸盐已被研究研究。结果，这项研究可能会彻底改变对海洋中磷循环的当前理解，以便对海洋磷灰石形成背后的机制进行详尽而详细的研究，重点是外源性多磷酸盐颗粒的作用。磷是海洋科学中广泛重要性的元素，更清楚地了解其埋葬将在整个学科中应用。