Strongly Interacting Quantum Mixtures of Ultracold Atoms

超冷原子的强相互作用量子混合物

• 批准号: 2012110
• 负责人: Martin Zwierlein
• 金额: $ 100.21万
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-08-15 至 2025-07-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2012110&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Strongly; Interacting; Quantum; Mixtures; Ultracold

Electrons run our modern world: They zip through our light bulbs, smart phones, laptops, and TV screens. But remarkably, we do not understand fundamentally how they work together. We know electrons obey the rules of quantum mechanics: They can propagate as waves rather than billiard balls, and a fundamental principle forbids two of them to be in one and the same wave. But if we understood how an entire collection of electrons behaved in general, we could design materials that carry electricity without any loss. Laptops and smart phones would not heat up, we would not waste energy that could run entire countries just to transmit power between cities, and on an even more fundamental level we would understand the fabric of matter itself. This present project is designed to address these very points. The project will use atoms as stand-ins for electrons and other elementary particles to search for novel collective states of matter. In particular, the project aims to uncover the rules by which loss-less transport can occur in general settings, including superfluid states of matter - where atoms flow without friction - and novel states of collective flow in the presence of high magnetic fields.The present project will perform precision studies of the thermodynamics, collective excitations and transport properties of strongly interacting mixtures of bosons (Na) and fermions (40K and 6Li), with the goal of uncovering novel states of fermionic matter: From boson-induced superfluidity, inhomogeneous superfluidity in spin-imbalanced mixtures, to quantum Hall states of fermions and bosonic molecules. Feshbach scattering resonances will be used to tune interparticle interactions, and optical box potentials will be employed to realize homogeneous densities. Transport of spin, sound and heat will be performed using novel detection methods, e.g. the propagation of heat will be directly imaged. In-situ observations of excitations such as vortices and solitons will allow investigation of their stability as a function of species composition and effective magnetic fields. Comparisons to theoretical calculations, where they exist, will be made, which should advance our understanding of strongly interacting Fermi systems.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

电子运行着我们的现代世界：它们快速穿过我们的灯泡、智能手机、笔记本电脑和电视屏幕。但值得注意的是，我们并不从根本上理解它们是如何协同工作的。我们知道电子遵守量子力学的规则：它们可以以波而不是台球的形式传播，并且一项基本原理禁止其中两个电子处于同一个波中。但如果我们了解整个电子集合的一般行为方式，我们就可以设计出没有任何损失的载电材料。笔记本电脑和智能手机不会升温，我们不会浪费可以运行整个国家的能源，只是为了在城市之间传输电力，并且在更基本的层面上，我们将了解物质本身的结构。本项目旨在解决这些问题。 该项目将使用原子作为电子和其他基本粒子的替代品来寻找新的物质集体状态。特别是，该项目旨在揭示在一般环境下发生无损传输的规则，包括物质的超流体状态（原子在没有摩擦的情况下流动）以及在强磁场存在下集体流动的新状态。该项目将对玻色子 (Na) 和费米子（40K 和 6Li）强相互作用混合物的热力学、集体激发和输运特性进行精确研究，目标是揭示费米子物质的新状态：超流性、自旋不平衡混合物中的非均匀超流性、费米子和玻色子分子的量子霍尔态。费什巴赫散射共振将用于调整颗粒间相互作用，光学盒势将用于实现均匀密度。自旋、声音和热量的传输将使用新颖的检测方法进行，例如热量的传播将被直接成像。对涡旋和孤子等激发的现场观察将允许研究它们作为物种组成和有效磁场的函数的稳定性。将与存在的理论计算进行比较，这将增进我们对强相互作用费米系统的理解。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Direct observation of nonlocal fermion pairing in an attractive Fermi-Hubbard gas

直接观察有吸引力的费米-哈伯德气体中的非局域费米子配对

• DOI: 10.1126/science.ade4245
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Science
• 影响因子: 56.9
• 作者: Hartke, Thomas;Oreg, Botond;Turnbaugh, Carter;Jia, Ningyuan;Zwierlein, Martin
• 通讯作者: Zwierlein, Martin

Quantum register of fermion pairs

• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04205-8
• 发表时间: 2022-01-27
• 期刊: NATURE
• 影响因子: 64.8
• 作者: Hartke, Thomas;Oreg, Botond;Zwierlein, Martin
• 通讯作者: Zwierlein, Martin

Crystallization of bosonic quantum Hall states in a rotating quantum gas

旋转量子气体中玻色子量子霍尔态的结晶

• DOI: 10.1038/s41586-021-04170-2
• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Nature
• 影响因子: 64.8
• 作者: Mukherjee, Biswaroop;Shaffer, Airlia;Patel, Parth B.;Yan, Zhenjie;Wilson, Cedric C.;Crépel, Valentin;Fletcher, Richard J.;Zwierlein, Martin
• 通讯作者: Zwierlein, Martin