Strongly Interacting Quantum Mixtures of Ultracold Atoms

超冷原子的强相互作用量子混合物

• 批准号: 0653514
• 负责人: Martin Zwierlein
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-10-15 至 2010-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0653514&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Strongly; Interacting; Quantum; Mixtures; Ultracold

This experimental research program is aimed at the study of strongly interacting mixtures of bosonic and fermionic gases, with the goal of realizing novel forms of quantum matter. The primary objective is the creation of a mixture of lithium-6 and potassium-40 atoms, a promising candidate for the observation of fermionic superfluidity with unlike fermions. This system finds its analogies for example in nuclear matter, where protons and neutrons form superfluid pairs, and in the dense quark matter inside a neutron star. The precise control over the properties of atomic gases makes them ideal model systems for many-body physics. The experiment will allow setting the gas under rotation, so that atoms will mimic the behavior of electrons in a magnetic field, a subject of great technological importance. Interactions between the atoms can be freely tuned via Feshbach scattering resonances. This offers the prospect of binding two unlike atoms into heteronuclear molecules and realizing their Bose-Einstein condensation. In the ground state, these molecules will have a large electric dipole moment, which may allow the creation of a quantum fluid with anisotropic interactions.This program will test and thereby advance current theories of complex matter and is thus relevant to diverse fields of physics, from condensed matter physics and material science to nuclear physics and astrophysics. The work will provide research training for students, thereby combining research with education objectives.

该实验研究计划旨在研究玻色子和费米子气体的强相互作用混合物，其目标是实现量子物质的新形式。主要目标是创建锂 6 和钾 40 原子的混合物，这是用不同的费米子观察费米子超流性的有希望的候选者。这个系统在核物质（质子和中子形成超流体对）以及中子星内部的致密夸克物质等中找到了类似物。对原子气体性质的精确控制使它们成为多体物理的理想模型系统。该实验将允许气体旋转，以便原子模仿磁场中电子的行为，这是一个具有重要技术意义的课题。原子之间的相互作用可以通过费什巴赫散射共振自由调节。这提供了将两个不同的原子结合成异核分子并实现玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚的前景。在基态下，这些分子将具有很大的电偶极矩，这可能会产生具有各向异性相互作用的量子流体。该计划将测试并从而推进当前的复杂物质理论，因此与不同的物理领域相关，从凝聚态物理和材料科学到核物理和天体物理学。这项工作将为学生提供研究培训，从而将研究与教育目标结合起来。