Strongly Interacting Quantum Mixtures of Ultracold Atoms

超冷原子的强相互作用量子混合物

• 批准号: 0653514
• 负责人: Martin Zwierlein
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Massachusetts Institute of Technology
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing grant
• 财政年份: 2007
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2007-10-15 至 2010-09-30
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=0653514&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Strongly; Interacting; Quantum; Mixtures; Ultracold

This experimental research program is aimed at the study of strongly interacting mixtures of bosonic and fermionic gases, with the goal of realizing novel forms of quantum matter. The primary objective is the creation of a mixture of lithium-6 and potassium-40 atoms, a promising candidate for the observation of fermionic superfluidity with unlike fermions. This system finds its analogies for example in nuclear matter, where protons and neutrons form superfluid pairs, and in the dense quark matter inside a neutron star. The precise control over the properties of atomic gases makes them ideal model systems for many-body physics. The experiment will allow setting the gas under rotation, so that atoms will mimic the behavior of electrons in a magnetic field, a subject of great technological importance. Interactions between the atoms can be freely tuned via Feshbach scattering resonances. This offers the prospect of binding two unlike atoms into heteronuclear molecules and realizing their Bose-Einstein condensation. In the ground state, these molecules will have a large electric dipole moment, which may allow the creation of a quantum fluid with anisotropic interactions.This program will test and thereby advance current theories of complex matter and is thus relevant to diverse fields of physics, from condensed matter physics and material science to nuclear physics and astrophysics. The work will provide research training for students, thereby combining research with education objectives.

该实验研究计划旨在研究骨气和费米斯气体强烈相互作用的混合物，目的是实现新型的量子物质形式。主要目的是创建锂6和钾40原子的混合物，这是一种有希望的候选者，可以观察到费米子超流体，这与费米子不同。该系统在核物质中找到了类比，其中质子和中子形成超流体对，以及中子恒星内的密集夸克物质。对原子气体特性的精确控制使其成为多体物理学的理想模型系统。该实验将允许将气体设置在旋转下，以使原子模仿电子在磁场中的行为，这是技术重要性的主题。原子之间的相互作用可以通过Feshbach散射共振自由调节。这提供了将两个原子不同的前景与异核分子结合并意识到它们的玻色网凝结。在基础状态下，这些分子将具有较大的电偶极矩，这可能允许创建具有各向异性相互作用的量子流体。该程序将测试，从而提高当前的复杂物质理论，因此与物理学的各种领域相关，从冷凝物物理学到核物理学和天文学。这项工作将为学生提供研究培训，从而将研究与教育目标相结合。