El Nino-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) Interactions with Tropical Atlantic and Indian Oceans

厄尔尼诺-南方涛动 (ENSO) 与热带大西洋和印度洋的相互作用

基本信息

批准号：
2006553
负责人：
Tim Li
金额：
$ 59.93万
依托单位：
University of Hawaii
依托单位国家：
美国
项目类别：
Standard Grant
财政年份：
2020
资助国家：
美国
起止时间：
2020-07-01 至 2023-06-30
项目状态：
已结题

来源：
https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2006553&HistoricalAwards=false
关键词：
El Nino Southern Oscillation ENSO

项目摘要

The El Niño-Southern Oscillation (ENSO) is the dominant interannual variability in the Earth’s climate. Current understanding of the interactions between ENSO and tropical Atlantic and Indian Ocean is limited. However, these interactions are seemingly crucial for accurate prediction of ENSO structure and evolution and its global impact. Current operational models have difficulty accurately predicting ENSO and its interactions with climate modes in other ocean basins. Through observational analyses and numerical modeling tasks, results from this award may reveal key physical processes behind these interactions and advance our current knowledge of ENSO dynamics, pan-tropical climate interactions, and general large-scale atmosphere-ocean interactions. This in turn may provide additional metrics to assess and improve global model representations of ENSO and its influence on weather events.The award has three research thrusts. The first thrust investigates the relative roles of ENSO-induced extratropical and tropical forcing of sea surface temperature anomaly (SSTA) in the tropical North Atlantic (TNA) and how the TNA SSTA may feedback to ENSO through induced Rossby and Kelvin wave responses. Observational analyses and idealized model experiments will be performed. The second thrust examines the interaction between Atlantic Niño and ENSO. A composite analysis will be conducted to elucidate the formation mechanisms of Atlantic Niño under preceding El Niño and La Niña conditions. Coupled and uncoupled model experiments will be carried out to investigate how ENSO influences Atlantic Niño and how Atlantic Niño impacts subsequent ENSO evolution and to what extent model bias in sea surface temperature affects the remote Atlantic forcing. The third thrust investigates how ENSO influences the Indian Ocean dipole (IOD) and to what extent Indian Ocean basin warming contributes to El Niño turnabout. Focus will be placed on the effect of equatorially symmetric and antisymmetric circulation responses to El Niño during its developing summer and linear and nonlinear wind responses to the boreal winter IDO rainfall pattern.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

厄尔尼诺南部振荡（ENSO）是地球气候中的主要年际变化。当前对ENSO与热带大西洋与印度洋之间相互作用的理解是有限的。但是，这些相互作用对于准确预测ENSO结构和进化及其全球影响似乎至关重要。当前的操作模型具有困难，准确的预测ENSO及其与其他海洋基础知识中气候模式的相互作用。通过观察分析和数值建模任务，该奖项的结果可能揭示了这些相互作用背后的关键物理过程，并促进了我们当前对ENSO动力学，泛热带气候相互作用以及一般大规模气氛 - 大方相互作用的知识。反过来，这可能会提供更多的指标来评估和改善ENSO的全球模型表示及其对天气事件的影响。该奖项具有三个研究推力。第一个推力研究了热带北大西洋（TNA）海面温度异常（SSTA）的ENSO诱导的热带和热带强迫的相对作用，TNA SSTA如何通过诱导的Rossby和Kelvin波反应向ENSO反馈ENSO。将进行观察分析和理想化的模型实验。第二个推力检查大西洋尼诺与ENSO之间的相互作用。将进行综合分析，以阐明在Elniño和LaNiña条件之前的大西洋Niño的形成机理。将进行耦合和未耦合的模型实验，以研究ENSO如何影响大西洋尼诺尼诺以及大西洋尼诺如何影响随后的ENSO进化以及海面温度中的模型偏差影响偏远的大西洋强迫。第三个推力调查了ENSO如何影响印度洋偶极子（IOD），以及印度洋盆地变暖在多大程度上有助于厄尔尼诺现象。将重点放在艾尔尼诺（Elniño）的夏季以及对北方冬季IDO降雨模式的线性和非线性风反应期间对ElNiño的同样对称和反对称圆的响应的效果。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用该基金会的智力功能和广泛的影响来评估NSF的法定任务。