Critical commentary on the books of Ezra/Nehemia for the commentary series "Herders theologischer Kommentar zum Alten Testament"Antrag auf Gewährung einer Sachbeihilfe (Modul Vertretung)

《赫尔德对旧约的神学评论》评论系列对以斯拉/尼希米书的评论 申请给予物质援助（代表模块）

• 批准号: 241610899
• 负责人: Professorin Dr. Maria Häusl
• 金额: --
• 依托单位: Institut für Katholische Theologie
• 依托单位国家: 德国
• 项目类别: Research Grants
• 财政年份: 2013
• 资助国家: 德国
• 起止时间: 2012-12-31 至 2014-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://gepris.dfg.de/gepris/projekt/241610899?language=en
• 关键词: Critical; commentary; books; Ezra; Nehemia

Critical commentaries on biblical books are a very important genre of exegetical publication. Far beyond the borders of the exegetical scientific community, they are also acknowledged in neighboring disciplines. Commentaries reveal the interpretation of a biblical book as well as the current state of research with regards to this biblical book from a literary, historical and religio-historical perspective. They therefore have a very broad scholarly impact. I am going to use the planned research time to write a distinctive commentary on the books of Ezra and Nehemiah. It will be published in the commentary series Herders theologischer Kommentar zum Alten Testament. There is a lack of current critical commentaries on Ezra/Nehemiah in the German speaking context. The new methodological, historical and thematic results of the recent research have to be considered and the theology of these books redefined.The older German commentaries considered Ezra/Nehemiah as a part of one historical work consisting of Chronicles and Ezra/Nehemiah written by the Chronicler. The older research also regarded Ezra/Nehemiah as a primary source for reconstructing the post-exilic period. The commentaries therefore were especially interested in a historical interpretation of the books and in their literary sources.The intended commentary is going to focus on the theology of the books. The one-sided focus on historical issues must be overcome. In accordance to the synchronical approach, that is diachronically reflected, different theological issues should not only be explained by different chronological origins and different redactional layers but instead as constituents of a theology that possibly includes tenses. Thus, the interpretation will be guided by the structure of the books.Ezra/Nehemiah present themselves as historiography and describe formative aspects and dimensions of Israel´s identity in the post-exilic period. To Construct the self-conception can be regarded as the core of the books. For this purpose, the necessary basic hermeneutical reflections will be made in the commentary. This means that there is a need for a description of the relevant criteria for belonging to the community, for inclusion and exclusion, and the internal shape and structure of the community. The above-mentioned commentary series includes knowledge from the Jewish-Christian dialogue: It recognizes and reflects that the Old Testament has been continued as Scripture of Israel as well as part of the Christian Bible. Until now, this is an exceptional perspective in the study of the Old Testament. As a consequence, the commentary has to deal with the anti-Jewish interpretations of Ezra/Nehemiah in the Christian context: Negative assessment of the theology as legalistic form of religion; stigmatization of the post-exilic group as a purely religious, theocratic founded community and/or as a particularistic-sectarian, national-religious movement.

对圣经书籍的批判性评论是一种非常重要的释经出版物，它们远远超出了释经科学界的范围，它们也在邻近学科中得到认可，它揭示了对圣经书籍的解释以及当前的研究状况。因此，我将利用计划的研究时间对《以斯拉记》和《尼希米记》进行独特的评论，并将其出版。在《牧人神学评论》的评论系列中，目前在德语背景下缺乏对《以斯拉记》/《尼希米记》的批判性评论，必须考虑最近研究的新方法论、历史和主题结果以及这些研究的神学。旧的德国注释认为《以斯拉记》/《尼希米记》是由编年史家所写的《历代志》和《以斯拉记》/《尼希米记》组成的一部历史著作的一部分。因此，以斯拉记/尼希米记是重建流亡后时期的主要资料来源，因此，这些评论对这些书及其文学来源的历史解释特别感兴趣。预期的评论将集中在这些书的神学上。必须克服对历史问题的片面关注，按照历时反映的共时方法，不同的神学问题不仅应该用不同的时间起源和不同的编辑层来解释，而且应该作为可能的神学的组成部分来解释。因此，解释将以书籍的结构为指导。以斯拉记/尼希米记将自己呈现为史学，并描述了以色列在流亡后时期的身份的形成方面和维度，以构建自我概念。为此，评论中将进行必要的基本解释学反思，这意味着需要对属于社区、包容和排除的相关标准进行描述。这上述评论系列包括来自犹太教与基督教对话的知识：它承认并反映了旧约一直是以色列的圣经以及基督教圣经的一部分。这是旧约研究中的一个特殊视角，因此，该评论必须处理基督教背景下对以斯拉/尼希米记的反犹太解释：对神学的负面评价是宗教的律法主义形式；流亡后团体作为一个纯粹的宗教、神权建立的社区和/或作为一个特殊的宗派、民族宗教运动。