Excellence in Research: Dynamics and Controls of Nitrous Oxide Emission in Switchgrass Fields under Biochar Application and Nitrogen Fertilization

卓越研究：生物炭施用和氮肥下柳枝稷田一氧化二氮排放的动态和控制

• 批准号: 2000058
• 负责人: Dafeng Hui
• 金额: $ 49.95万
• 依托单位: Tennessee State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-15 至 2025-05-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=2000058&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Excellence; Research; Dynamics; Controls; Nitrous

Greenhouse gases such as carbon dioxide (CO2) and nitrous oxide (N2O) are important heat-trapping gases in the atmosphere, contributing to changes in global climate. Nitrous oxide is present at a much lower concentration but is about 300 times more powerful a greenhouse gas than CO2. Cropland soils that receive heavy application of nitrogen fertilizer are a major source of N2O released to the atmosphere. Efforts to reduce greenhouse gas emissions from croplands have led to the development of a promising method to reduce N2O emissions that involves the use of biochar as a soil amendment. However, how biochar and nitrogen fertilization interact to influence soil N2O release remains a mystery. This Excellence in Research (EiR) award will enable researchers to investigate N2O emissions in switchgrass fields and to improve prediction of soil N2O emission under biochar application and nitrogen fertilization. The findings from this project will help reduce soil N2O emissions in croplands, sustain the productivity of switchgrass, and potentially slow global warming. Two graduate students and six undergraduate students will participate directly in the project and gain hands-on research experience. Findings from this project will be incorporated into courses for undergraduate and graduate students. The project will also contribute to the improvement of research capacity at an institution serving underrepresented minorities and broaden the participation of under-represented groups in ecology and environmental sciences.Soil N2O emission is produced through nitrification and denitrification processes and influenced by several factors including soil temperature, moisture, nitrogen availability, and soil microbial composition and activities. In this project, an integrated approach will be used to quantify the dynamics and mechanisms of soil N2O emission using field chamber measurement, laboratory incubation, and ecosystem modeling. The role of soil microbial populations in N2O emission under different biochar and nitrogen fertilization regimes will be assessed using soil enzymatic activities as well as soil microbial composition analysis. The new findings from field and laboratory studies will be incorporated into a biogeochemical model to improve soil N2O emission estimation. Results of this study will lead to a predictive and mechanistic understanding of soil N2O emission and soil microbial responses to changes in nitrogen availability in switchgrass fields.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

温室气体（例如二氧化碳（CO2）和一氧化二氮（N2O））是大气中重要的热吸气气体，导致全球气候变化。一氧化二氮的浓度要低得多，但温室气体的强大约为300倍。大量应用氮肥的农田土壤是向大气中释放的N2O的主要来源。减少农田温室气体排放的努力导致了一种有前途的方法，以减少涉及将生物炭作为土壤修正的N2O排放。但是，生物炭和氮肥相互作用以影响土壤N2O释放仍然是一个谜。这项卓越的研究奖（EIR）奖将使研究人员能够调查开关草领域的N2O排放，并在生物炭施用和氮肥下改善土壤N2O排放的预测。该项目的发现将有助于减少农田中的土壤N2O排放，维持开关草的生产力，并有可能减缓全球变暖。两名研究生和六名本科生将直接参加该项目并获得动手研究经验。该项目的发现将纳入本科生和研究生的课程中。该项目还将有助于提高服务不足的少数群体的研究能力，并扩大了代表性不足的群体参与生态和环境科学的参与。Soil N2O的排放是通过硝化和非硝化过程产生的，并受到多种因素，包括土壤温度，氮气温度，氮，氮的可用性和土壤构型和土壤构成和土壤构型和土壤构成和土壤构成和土壤构型的影响。在该项目中，将使用综合方法来使用现场腔室测量，实验室孵化和生态系统建模来量化土壤N2O排放的动态和机制。土壤微生物种群在不同的生物炭和氮肥方面的N2O排放中的作用将使用土壤酶活性以及土壤微生物组成分析进行评估。现场研究和实验室研究的新发现将纳入生物地球化学模型，以改善土壤N2O排放估计。这项研究的结果将导致对SwitchGrass领域中氮的变化的土壤N2O发射和土壤微生物反应的预测和机理理解。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛影响的审查标准通过评估来通过评估来获得支持的。

项目成果

Response patterns of simulated corn yield and soil nitrous oxide emission to precipitation change

• DOI: 10.1186/s13717-023-00429-w
• 发表时间: 2023-04
• 期刊: Ecological Processes
• 影响因子: 4.8
• 作者: N. Kaur;D. Hui;D. Riccuito;M. Mayes;H. Tian

Literature Review, Meta-Analysis, and Mega-Analysis in Ecological and Agricultural Sciences

• DOI: 10.4236/as.2023.144031
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Agricultural Sciences
• 作者: D. Hui;N. Kaur;A. Ray;Lovish Kasrija;Qingxia Li

Precipitation and nitrogen application stimulate soil nitrous oxide emission

降水和施氮刺激土壤一氧化二氮排放

• DOI: 10.1007/s10705-021-10155-4
• 发表时间: 2021-06
• 期刊: NUTRIENT CYCLING IN AGROECOSYSTEMS
• 影响因子: 3.1
• 作者: Zhang HL;Deng Q;Schadt. CW;Mayes MA;Zhang DQ;Hui DF
• 通讯作者: Hui DF

Evaluation of eastern gamagrass as dual‐purpose complementary bioenergy and forage feedstock to switchgrass

东部加马草作为柳枝稷的双重用途补充生物能源和饲料原料的评价

• DOI: 10.1111/gcbb.13054
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: GCB Bioenergy
• 影响因子: 5.6
• 作者: Kieffer, Christina;Hui, Dafeng;Matamala, Roser;Li, Jianwei;Tyler, Donald;Dzantor, E. Kudjo
• 通讯作者: Dzantor, E. Kudjo

Changes in soil moisture drive soil methane uptake along a fire regeneration chronosequence in a eucalypt forest landscape

• DOI: 10.1111/gcb.13003
• 发表时间: 2015-11-01
• 期刊: GLOBAL CHANGE BIOLOGY
• 影响因子: 11.6
• 作者: Fest, Benedikt;Wardlaw, Tim;Arndt, Stefan K.
• 通讯作者: Arndt, Stefan K.