RII Track-4: Formation, Photolysis, and Bioaccumulation of Dissolved Hydrocarbons from Chemically-Herded and Burned Crude Oil at High Latitudes

RII Track-4：高纬度化学放牧和燃烧原油中溶解碳氢化合物的形成、光解和生物累积

• 批准号: 1929173
• 负责人: Patrick Tomco
• 金额: $ 16.54万
• 依托单位: University of Alaska Anchorage Campus
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-12-01 至 2024-02-29
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1929173&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RII; Track; Formation; Photolysis; Bioaccumulation

Oil spilled into the marine environment undergoes a process of photodegradation when exposed to sunlight. Photochemically-degraded oil is highly complex and poses a hazard to marine organisms. As the circumpolar north loses ice at an unprecedented rate, oil drilling in the Arctic is forecasted to increase, raising the possibility of a major oil spill in a remote cold region. Surface collection agents, or "chemical herders" have gained attention recently for the ability to thicken slicks to allow in-situ burning in ice-associated areas for over 90% oil mass removal. However, little is known about the formation of dissolved residues stemming from this process, how dissolved residues are transformed in the presence of sunlight, and what impacts may occur on susceptible marine organisms. This project will advance our understanding of how oil is transformed into a water-soluble form following combustion; it will assess the chemical character and biological uptake of the residues as they weather in Arctic waters. The project will involve residue extraction and analysis at the University of New Orleans and National High Magnetic Field Laboratory. The results will guide future oil spill response and contingency planning.The longitudinal dissolution rates governing hydrocarbon-derived dissolved organic matter, especially those deriving from oxygenation, remain understudied in the Arctic and Subarctic domains with regard to treatment options of oiled water following a maritime point release. Extreme seasonal swings in photoperiods further complicate this process via photodissolution and may have broad impacts on bioaccumulation potential in susceptible marine organisms such as mussels, Mytilus trossulus. Surface collection agents (chemical herders) have gained popularity recently for the ability to thicken oil prior to in-situ burning, a process that is capable of removing 90% of oil from the surface. However, little is known about the formation of dissolved residues stemming from this process and the chemical character as these dissolved residues weather. This project will assess these factors using two new emerging technologies, fluorescence excitation emission spectra (EEMs) coupled with Parallel Factorial Analysis (PARAFAC) and Fourier Transformation Ion Cyclotron Mass Spectrometery (FT-ICR MS). Bench-scale simulations will be conducted at the University of Alaska Anchorage with ANS Crude oil, two herder formulations (OP-40 and ThickSlick), and mussels collected from Resurrection Bay, Alaska. Residues are extracted and EEMs analyzed at the University of New Orleans, with FT-ICR MS analyses conducted at the National High Magnetic Field Laboratory. This study will fund PI Tomco and one graduate student assistant to travel to New Orleans, LA and Tallahassee, FL. This will lead to broader integration of advanced spectroscopic and spectrometric techniques at the PI's home institution and increase institutional capacity to compete for external research support.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

泄漏到海洋环境中的石油在暴露于阳光下时会经历光降解过程。光化学降解的油非常复杂，对海洋生物构成危害。随着北极圈冰层以前所未有的速度消失，预计北极的石油钻探将会增加，从而增加了偏远寒冷地区发生重大石油泄漏的可能性。表面收集剂或“化学牧民”最近因其能够增厚浮油以允许在与冰相关的区域就地燃烧而去除超过 90% 的油团而受到关注。然而，人们对这一过程中溶解残留物的形成、溶解残留物在阳光下如何转化以及可能对易受影响的海洋生物产生什么影响知之甚少。该项目将加深我们对石油在燃烧后如何转化为水溶性形式的理解；它将评估残留物在北极水域风化时的化学特性和生物吸收。该项目将涉及新奥尔良大学和国家高磁场实验室的残留物提取和分析。研究结果将指导未来的漏油响应和应急计划。在北极和亚北极地区，关于海上点后含油水的处理方案，控制碳氢化合物衍生的溶解有机物（尤其是来自氧合的有机物）的纵向溶解率仍然没有得到充分研究发布。光周期的极端季节性波动通过光溶解进一步使这一过程复杂化，并可能对易受影响的海洋生物（如贻贝、贻贝）的生物累积潜力产生广泛影响。表面收集剂（化学牧民）最近因其在原位燃烧之前使油稠化的能力而广受欢迎，该过程能够从表面去除 90% 的油。然而，人们对这一过程产生的溶解残留物的形成以及这些溶解残留物风化后的化学特性知之甚少。该项目将使用两种新兴技术评估这些因素，即荧光激发发射光谱 (EEM) 结合并行因子分析 (PARAFAC) 和傅里叶变换离子回旋质谱仪 (FT-ICR MS)。阿拉斯加大学安克雷奇分校将使用 ANS 原油、两种牧民配方（OP-40 和 ThickSlick）以及从阿拉斯加复活湾收集的贻贝进行实验室规模模拟。新奥尔良大学提取残留物并分析 EEM，并在国家高磁场实验室进行 FT-ICR MS 分析。这项研究将资助 PI Tomco 和一名研究生助理前往路易斯安那州新奥尔良和佛罗里达州塔拉哈西。这将导致 PI 所在机构更广泛地整合先进的光谱和光谱测定技术，并提高机构竞争外部研究支持的能力。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力优势和更广泛的评估进行评估，被认为值得支持。影响审查标准。

项目成果

Photochemical formation of water-soluble oxyPAHs, naphthenic acids, and other hydrocarbon oxidation products from Cook Inlet, Alaska crude oil and diesel in simulated seawater spills

模拟海水泄漏中库克湾、阿拉斯加原油和柴油中水溶性多环芳烃、环烷酸和其他碳氢化合物氧化产物的光化学形成

• DOI: 10.1039/d2va00325b
• 发表时间: 2023-03
• 期刊: Environmental Science: Advances
• 作者: Harsha, Maxwell L.;Redman, Zachary C.;Wesolowski, Josh;Podgorski, David C.;Tomco, Patrick L.
• 通讯作者: Tomco, Patrick L.

Dissolved organic matter production from herder application and in-situ burning of crude oil at high latitudes: Bioavailable molecular composition patterns and microbial community diversity effects

高纬度牧民施用和原油就地燃烧产生的溶解有机物：生物可利用分子组成模式和微生物群落多样性效应

• DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127598
• 发表时间: 2022-02
• 期刊: Journal of Hazardous Materials
• 影响因子: 13.6
• 作者: Tomco, Patrick L.;Duddleston, Khrystyne N.;Driskill, Adrienne;Hatton, Jasmine J.;Grond, Kirsten;Wrenn, Toshia;Tarr, Matthew A.;Podgorski, David C.;Zito, Phoebe
• 通讯作者: Zito, Phoebe

Unique Molecular Features of Water-Soluble Photo-Oxidation Products among Refined Fuels, Crude Oil, and Herded Burnt Residue under High Latitude Conditions

高纬度条件下精炼燃料、原油和畜牧燃烧残渣中水溶性光氧化产物的独特分子特征

• DOI: 10.1021/acsestwater.1c00494
• 发表时间: 2022-06
• 期刊: ACS ES&T Water
• 作者: Whisenhant, Elizabeth A.;Zito, Phoebe;Podgorski, David C.;McKenna, Amy M.;Redman, Zachary C.;Tomco, Patrick L.
• 通讯作者: Tomco, Patrick L.