Science and Innovation Leadership for the 21st Century: Challenges and Strategic Implications for the United States

21 世纪的科学与创新领导力：对美国的挑战和战略影响

• 批准号: 1946465
• 负责人: Gail Cohen
• 金额: $ 4.9万
• 依托单位: National Academy of Sciences
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-15 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1946465&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Science; Innovation; Leadership; 21st; Century

The United States faces significant and growing strategic and competitiveness concerns stemming from the scientific and engineering progress around the world coupled with more open and connected markets that affect nearly every aspect of modern life. Responding to the opportunities presented by this change, countries--not only allies but also adversaries--are making significant investments in policies, institutions, and infrastructure with the goal of gaining technological competence and superiority in areas of strategic national economic and security interest. Technological sophistication in both allies and adversary nations around the world have important consequences for the continued economic competitiveness and security of the United States: For the nation to adapt to new competitive realities, it must develop a broad awareness of current exigencies as well as emerging opportunities and challenges. To address these issues, the Board on Science, Technology, and Economic Policy (STEP), in cooperation with the Committee on Science, Technology, and Law (CSTL), both part of the Policy and Global Affairs Division's theme on U.S. Science and Innovation Policy, proposes to convene an ad hoc study committee that will examine the current competitive position of the United States in emerging technologies; identify challenges to its continued leadership in science, technology, and innovation; and identify the strategic implications of the loss of scientific and innovation leadership in key areas. The committee will organize a series of four workshops that will serve to gather data and informed perspectives for the committee. Following each workshop, a proceedings in brief of the presentations and discussions will be prepared by a designated rapporteur in accordance with institutional guidelines. Finally, the evidence gathered at these workshops will inform the deliberations of the study committee, which will issue a consensus report with findings and recommendations. The study will draw attention to institutional and policy challenges, if any, facing the United States in maintaining technological superiority in key areas identified by the committee. The study will highlight recent research on U.S. competitiveness and trade, technology, and innovation policies; and highlight how existing policies and institutions may interact. In particular, the committee will discuss potential costs and benefits associated with open science; discuss current market or institutional failures to accelerating research advances that have the potential for game-changing economic, human health, and national security leadership efforts; and consider how practices by other countries, including recruitment of top talent, large resource investments, and novel use of information technologies to advance their competitiveness and governance systems can, in a globalized world, affect U.S. institutions and capabilities.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

美国面临着重要的战略和竞争力，这是由于世界各地的科学和工程进步以及更开放和连接的市场所影响的，这些市场几乎影响了现代生活的各个方面。为了回应这种变化所带来的机会，国家 - 仅仅是盟友，但也是对手 - 对政策，机构和基础设施进行了大量投资，目的是在战略国家经济和安全利益领域获得技术能力和优势。在世界各地的盟国和对手国家中，技术成熟都对美国的持续经济竞争力和安全都有重要的影响：为了使国家适应新的竞争现象，它必须对当前紧急情况以及新兴的机会和挑战提高广泛的认识。为了解决这些问题，科学，技术和经济政策委员会（步骤）与科学，技术和法律委员会（CSTL）合作，这是该政策和全球事务部关于美国科学与创新政策的主题的一部分，建议召集一个临时研究委员会，该委员会将研究一个美国当前在新兴技术中的美国竞争地位的研究委员会；确定其在科学，技术和创新方面持续领导的挑战；并确定在关键领域失去科学和创新领导力的战略意义。委员会将组织一系列的四个研讨会，这些研讨会将用于收集数据并为委员会提供知情观点。在每个研讨会之后，将根据机构准则进行简要的演讲和讨论诉讼。 最后，在这些研讨会上收集的证据将为研究委员会的审议提供信息，该委员会将提出一份共识报告，并提出调查结果和建议。该研究将引起人们对机构和政策挑战（如果有的话）的关注，即在委员会确定的关键领域维持技术优势方面面临。该研究将重点介绍有关美国竞争力和贸易，技术和创新政策的最新研究；并强调现有政策和机构如何相互作用。特别是，委员会将讨论与开放科学相关的潜在成本和收益；讨论当前的市场或机构失败，以加速有可能改变游戏规则的经济，人类健康和国家安全领导力的研究进展；并考虑其他国家的实践，包括招募顶尖人才，大型资源投资以及新型信息技术来推进其竞争力和治理系统，在全球化的世界中，如何影响美国机构和能力。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过使用该基金会的知识优点和广泛的crielia来评估NSF的法定任务，并通过评估值得进行评估。