CAREER: Phonetic and Phonological Structure in Musical Surrogate Languages

职业：音乐代理语言中的语音和音系结构

• 批准号: 1943896
• 负责人: Laura McPherson
• 金额: $ 50.29万
• 依托单位: Dartmouth College
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-06-01 至 2025-11-30
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1943896&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: CAREER; Phonetic; Phonological; Structure; Musical

Language and music are both inherently human systems of expression. At the intersection of the two are "musical surrogate languages" - the encoding of speech onto musical instruments such as xylophone, flutes, or drums (often referred to as "talking drums"). Found all over the world, these surrogate systems allow people to communicate without ever opening their mouths by transposing linguistic elements such as pitch or speech rhythm onto the notes and rhythms of a musical instrument. Very little is known about the rules of how language is mapped to music in this way, how much these rules vary by language, instrument, or tradition, or how people can comprehend this musical code. Answering these questions will shed light on the nuances of language sound structures, which elements are most salient and accessible to speakers and musicians, and the immense overlap in the organization and processing of language and music. With the majority of musical surrogate languages critically endangered, it is essential that these linguistic traditions be captured and analyzed as they push the boundaries of human communication and can enhance language infrastructure. This project is a comparative study of musical surrogate languages grounded in detailed phonetic and phonological documentation of the spoken languages on which they are based. The research will target several surrogate systems on different instruments and in different language groups, gathering experimental data to determine the rules of surrogate encoding while building a multi-use archive of high-quality audiovisual materials. A streamlined methodology will be developed, including automated recording and transcription systems and a standardized annotation format that can be integrated with best practice tools for linguistic transcription. This methodology will be disseminated to students and other scholars to build a community of researchers who can help tackle the enormous task of documenting the world's surrogate languages. Resulting analyses will contribute to the development of a typology of surrogate speech, which can be used to identify correlations between linguistic features, musical constraints, and social uses.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

语言和音乐都是人类的表达系统。两者的交集是“音乐替代语言” - 将语音编码在木琴，笛子或鼓等乐器上（通常称为“说话的鼓”）。这些替代系统在世界各地发现，人们可以通过将语言元素（例如音调或语音节奏）转移到乐器的音符和节奏上而无需张开嘴就进行交流。关于语言如何以这种方式映射到音乐的规则，这些规则的数量因语言，乐器或传统而异，或者人们如何理解这种音乐代码的规则知之甚少。回答这些问题将阐明语言声音结构的细微差别，这些元素是说话者和音乐家最重要的，并且在组织和语言和音乐的处理中，巨大的重叠。随着大多数音乐替代语言极为濒危，必须在他们推动人类交流的界限并可以增强语言基础架构时捕获和分析这些语言传统。该项目是一项对音乐替代语言的比较研究，该语言以详细的语音和语音文档为基础的语音语言。该研究将针对不同工具和不同语言组的几个替代系统，收集实验数据，以确定替代编码的规则，同时构建高质量视听材料的多用途档案。将开发简化的方法论，包括自动记录和转录系统以及可以与语言转录的最佳实践工具集成的标准化注释格式。这种方法将被传播给学生和其他学者，以建立一个研究人员社区，这些研究人员可以帮助解决记录世界代理语言的艰巨任务。由此产生的分析将有助于替代语音的类型学的发展，该分析可用于识别语言特征，音乐限制和社会用途之间的相关性。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛影响的评估审查标准来通过评估来支持的。