Tree Ring Dating in Western North America

北美西部的树木年轮约会

• 批准号: 1923925
• 负责人: Ronald Towner
• 金额: $ 24.43万
• 依托单位: University of Arizona
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2019
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2019-09-01 至 2022-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1923925&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Tree; Ring; Dating; Western; North

Tree-ring dating is the most precise non-documentary method of dating archaeological materials from the past two thousand years in North America, and the Laboratory of Tree-Ring Research (LTRR) at the University of Arizona is the only source of archaeological tree-ring dates in the area. With National Science Foundation (NSF) support, the LTRR operates an analysis program for tree-ring samples collected by LTRR and other archaeologists from Alaska to Argentina and from the Pacific Ocean to the Mississippi River. NSF support will allow the program to keep pace with the ever growing demand for archaeological tree-ring dating, and to maintain high production levels and short turnaround times. On average, more than 750 dates from 1500+ archaeological tree-ring samples are produced annually. These data are integrated into relevant archaeological contexts to construct refined cultural sequences and examine important issues of past human behavior that cannot be addressed without accurate, high resolution temporal control. Among these topics are absolute site, locality, and regional chronologies, social organization structure, intergroup interaction, and cultural adaptation to physical and social environments. The program actively promotes the expansion of archaeological tree-ring dating into new regions such as the Southwestern deserts, Great Basin, Great Plains, Rocky Mountains, Alaska, Mexico, and South America; it also supports student research both directly and indirectly. The project has a wide range of broader impacts. Its findings will be integrated into undergraduate and graduate classes in anthropology, geosciences, and other disciplines at the University of Arizona and other academic institutions. In addition, the project interacts with K-12 programs and provides public tours of the facility to an estimated 12,000 visitors and students annually; it provides instruction for visiting scholars from around the world and facilitates field and laboratory training for non-profit, governmental, private sector, and Native American programs. Students will accrue particular benefits from the reduced cost of analysis, thus allowing them to conduct extensive research at lower costs. The LTRR tree-ring sample collections and archives are unparalleled, easily accessed resources for archaeological research, and an under-construction digital database will enhance the research value of these resources. Increased understanding of long-term human adaptation to cultural and environmental variability and enhanced knowledge of past environmental processes will help develop and implement environmental and social policy. Project personnel will contribute directly to formulating policy for managing cultural and natural resources by federal, local, and tribal land management agencies.The project has additional intellectual merits. Exact dating and chronology building are crucial to understanding human behavior, human-environment interactions, and processes of sociocultural stability, variation, change, and social evolution. Either directly or indirectly (through tree-ring dated ceramics), tree-ring dating underlies the chronology of Southwestern prehistory and many aspects of the documented history of the region. The project will also generate climatic reconstructions that are combined with reconstructions produced by other paleoenvironmental disciplines such as geology, pollen analysis, volcanology, and trace element studies. In addition to illuminating past environmental processes, these integrated reconstructions will provide a solid empirical foundation for examining the interrelationships between human behavior and environmental variability. Finally, the project's efforts to expand research into areas previously thought to be unsuitable for archaeological tree-ring dating provide absolutely dated "hinge points" for archaeological chronologies in the Sonoran Desert, the Great Basin, the western Great Plains, Alaska, northern Mexico, and South America.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

树木年轮测年是对北美过去两千多年的考古材料进行测年的最精确的非文献方法，亚利桑那大学树木年轮研究实验室（LTRR）是考古树木的唯一来源。在该地区进行约会。在美国国家科学基金会 (NSF) 的支持下，LTRR 开展了一项针对 LTRR 和其他考古学家从阿拉斯加到阿根廷、从太平洋到密西西比河收集的树木年轮样本的分析项目。美国国家科学基金会的支持将使该计划能够满足考古树木年轮测年不断增长的需求，并保持高生产水平和短周转时间。平均每年从 1500 多个考古年轮样本中产出 750 多个椰枣。这些数据被整合到相关的考古背景中，以构建精细的文化序列并研究过去人类行为的重要问题，如果没有准确、高分辨率的时间控制就无法解决这些问题。这些主题包括绝对地点、地点和区域年表、社会组织结构、群体间互动以及对自然和社会环境的文化适应。该计划积极推动考古树木年轮测定扩展到西南沙漠、大盆地、大平原、落基山脉、阿拉斯加、墨西哥和南美洲等新地区；它还直接和间接支持学生的研究。该项目具有广泛、广泛的影响。其研究结果将被纳入亚利桑那大学和其他学术机构的人类学、地球科学和其他学科的本科生和研究生课程中。此外，该项目还与 K-12 项目互动，每年为大约 12,000 名游客和学生提供设施公共参观服务；它为来自世界各地的访问学者提供指导，并促进非营利组织、政府、私营部门和美洲原住民项目的实地和实验室培训。学生将从分析成本的降低中获得特别的好处，从而使他们能够以更低的成本进行广泛的研究。 LTRR树木年轮样本收藏和档案是考古研究无与伦比的、易于访问的资源，正在建设的数字数据库将提高这些资源的研究价值。增进对人类对文化和环境变化的长期适应的了解以及增强对过去环境过程的了解将有助于制定和实施环境和社会政策。项目人员将直接为联邦、地方和部落土地管理机构制定管理文化和自然资源的政策做出贡献。该项目具有额外的智力优势。准确的年代测定和年代学构建对于理解人类行为、人类与环境的相互作用以及社会文化稳定、变异、变化和社会进化的过程至关重要。无论是直接还是间接（通过树木年轮测年的陶瓷），树木年轮测年都是西南史前史年表和该地区有记载历史的许多方面的基础。该项目还将生成气候重建结果，并与地质学、花粉分析、火山学和微量元素研究等其他古环境学科的重建结果相结合。除了阐明过去的环境过程之外，这些综合重建还将为研究人类行为与环境变化之间的相互关系提供坚实的经验基础。最后，该项目努力将研究范围扩大到以前被认为不适合考古年轮测定的地区，为索诺兰沙漠、大盆地、西部大平原、阿拉斯加、墨西哥北部的考古年表提供了绝对过时的“关键点”。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并通过使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，被认为值得支持。

项目成果

Wiggle-Matched Red Cedar from a Pre-Monumental Occupation at Kincaid Mounds, Illinois, USA

来自美国伊利诺伊州金凯德土丘前纪念职业的摆动匹配红雪松

• DOI: 10.3959/2021-22
• 发表时间: 2022-07-27
• 期刊: Tree-Ring Research
• 影响因子: 1.6
• 作者: Nicholas V. Kessler;P. Welch;B. Butler;Tamira K. Brennan;R. Towner;G. Hodgins
• 通讯作者: G. Hodgins

The Curious Douglas-Fir ( Pseudotsuga Menziesii ) Trees in Schulman Grove, Mesa Verde National Park, Southwestern Colorado, USA

美国科罗拉多州西南部梅萨维德国家公园舒尔曼格罗夫的奇异花旗松 (Pseudotsuga Menziesii) 树

• DOI: 10.1017/aaq.2021.4
• 发表时间: 2021-07
• 期刊: American Antiquity
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Nash, Stephen E.;Towner, Ronald H.;Dean, Jeffrey S.
• 通讯作者: Dean, Jeffrey S.

Convergence of Evidence Supports a Chuska Mountains Origin for the Plaza Tree of Pueblo Bonito, Chaco Canyon

证据的融合支持查科峡谷普韦布洛博尼托广场树的起源于丘斯卡山脉

• DOI: 10.1017/aaq.2020.6
• 发表时间: 2020-04
• 期刊: American Antiquity
• 影响因子: 2.8
• 作者: Guiterman, Christopher H.;Baisan, Christopher H.;English, Nathan B.;Quade, Jay;Dean, Jeffrey S.;Swetnam, Thomas W.
• 通讯作者: Swetnam, Thomas W.