On the Influence of Oceanic Variability on Air-Sea Heat Fluxes and Boundary Layer Recovery in Hurricanes

海洋变率对飓风中海气热通量和边界层恢复的影响

• 批准号: 1941498
• 负责人: Lynn Shay
• 金额: $ 85.85万
• 依托单位: University of Miami
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2024-12-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1941498&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Influence; Oceanic; Variability; Air; Sea

The controlling factors that impact the rapid intensification of hurricanes remain a scientific and forecasting uncertainty. In this award, the research team will use observational data to test a new theory about the interaction between the air and sea during the key periods in the hurricane life-cycle that lead to rapid strengthening of these storms. The project has direct societal relevance due to the importance of accurate forecasts of hurricane intensity changes. The project will also provide graduate students with the opportunity to plan, organize, and execute a field experiment. This award is for the investigation of key thermodynamics processes of coupled air-sea interaction in tropical cyclones (TCs) relative to vertical shear and oceanic features. The main conceptual theory is that areas with high oceanic heat content and minimal sea surface cooling exert localized buoyancy forcing on TCs during rapid intensification due to enhanced moisture disequilibrium and intense surface heat fluxes. This process leads to a rapid and sustained recovery of the atmospheric boundary layer equivalent potential temperature. To test this hypothesis, the PI team will use data collected during prior TCs and participate in new data collection in collaboration with NOAA during the period of the project. The specific research objectives are to: 1) Synthesize in-situ atmospheric and oceanographic data and satellite SST data, and compute air-sea temperature and moisture disequilibrium, bulk air-sea heat fluxes, and recovery of atmospheric boundary layer equivalent potential temperature during selected Atlantic-basin hurricanes, focusing on previous data acquired over various levels of OHC and upper-ocean stratification; 2) Observe and understand the air-sea interaction during TC intensity change over warm oceanic eddy regimes by simultaneously deploying oceanic and atmospheric profilers during storm passage; and 3) Develop a framework for characterizing the temporal and spatial scales of variability of the air-sea interaction and storm intensity for the selected TCs in terms of oceanic and atmospheric parameters.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

影响飓风迅速增强的控制因素仍然是科学和预测的不确定性。 在该奖项中，研究小组将利用观测数据来测试关于飓风生命周期关键时期空气和海洋相互作用的新理论，这些关键时期导致这些风暴迅速加强。 由于准确预测飓风强度变化的重要性，该项目具有直接的社会相关性。 该项目还将为研究生提供计划、组织和执行现场实验的机会。该奖项旨在研究热带气旋（TC）中与垂直切变和海洋特征相关的海气耦合相互作用的关键热力学过程。 主要概念理论是，海洋热含量高且海面冷却最小的区域在热带气旋快速增强过程中，由于水分不平衡增强和强烈的表面热通量而对热带气旋产生局部浮力强迫。 这一过程导致大气边界层等效位温快速持续的恢复。 为了检验这一假设，PI 团队将使用之前 TC 期间收集的数据，并在项目期间与 NOAA 合作参与新的数据收集。 具体研究目标是： 1）综合现场大气海洋数据和卫星海表温度数据，计算选定时段内的海气温度和水分不平衡性、海气整体热通量以及大气边界层等效位温的恢复。大西洋盆地飓风，重点关注先前在不同级别的 OHC 和上层海洋分层中获取的数据； 2）通过在风暴通过期间同时部署海洋和大气剖面仪，观测和了解温暖海洋涡流区域TC强度变化期间的海气相互作用； 3) 制定一个框架，用于描述所选热带气旋在海洋和大气参数方面的海气相互作用和风暴强度的时空变化尺度。该奖项反映了 NSF 的法定使命，并被认为值得通过以下方式获得支持：使用基金会的智力价值和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估。

项目成果

Study of ageostrophy during strong, nonlinear eddy-front interaction in the Gulf of Mexico

• DOI: 10.1175/jpo-d-20-0182.1
• 发表时间: 2021-03
• 期刊: Journal of Physical Oceanography
• 影响因子: 3.5
• 作者: L. Hiron;D. Nolan;L. Shay

Thermodynamic Characteristics of Downdrafts in Tropical Cyclones as Seen in Idealized Simulations of Different Intensities

不同强度理想化模拟中热带气旋下沉气流的热力学特征

• DOI: 10.1175/jas-d-21-0006.1
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Journal of the Atmospheric Sciences
• 影响因子: 3.1
• 作者: Wadler, Joshua B.;Nolan, David S.;Zhang, Jun A.;Shay, Lynn K.
• 通讯作者: Shay, Lynn K.

Lagrangian coherence and source of water of Loop Current Frontal Eddies in the Gulf of Mexico. Progress in Oceanography.

墨西哥湾环流锋面涡流的拉格朗日相干性和水源。

• 发表时间: 2022
• 期刊: Progress in Oceanography
• 影响因子: 4.1
• 作者: Hiron, L.

The Rapid Intensification of Hurricane Michael (2018): Storm Structure and the Relationship to Environmental and Air–Sea Interactions

• DOI: 10.1175/mwr-d-20-0145.1
• 发表时间: 2020-10
• 期刊: Monthly Weather Review
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Joshua B. Wadler;Jun A. Zhang;R. Rogers;B. Jaimes;L. Shay

On the Hyperbolicity of the Bulk Air–Sea Heat Flux Functions: Insights into the Efficiency of Air–Sea Moisture Disequilibrium for Tropical Cyclone Intensification

关于大量空气-海洋热通量函数的双曲性：深入了解空气-海洋湿度不平衡对热带气旋增强的效率

• DOI: 10.1175/mwr-d-20-0324.1
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Monthly Weather Review
• 影响因子: 3.2
• 作者: Jaimes de la Cruz, Benjamin;Shay, Lynn K.;Wadler, Joshua B.;Rudzin, Johna E.
• 通讯作者: Rudzin, Johna E.