RUI: NSF/DMR-BSF: Nonequilibrium Quantum Matter: Timescales and Self-Averaging

RUI：NSF/DMR-BSF：非平衡量子物质：时间尺度和自平均

• 批准号: 1936006
• 负责人: Lea Ferreira dos Santos
• 金额: $ 40万
• 依托单位: Yeshiva University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-01-01 至 2024-08-31
• 项目状态: 已结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1936006&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: RUI; NSF; DMR; BSF; Nonequilibrium

NONTECHNICAL SUMMARYThis award supports a theoretical and computational research collaboration between a PI funded by the National Science Foundation and a PI funded by the Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF). The collaboration will combine complementary skills and resources to perform computational and theoretical studies of systems comprised of many interacting particles that are far from the state of equilibrium and which are described by quantum mechanics. The properties of systems in equilibrium do not change in time. In contrast the properties of nonequilibrium systems like, for example, the electrons in a nanomaterial that has been exposed to a burst of light, change. This research aims to advance understanding of how systems far from equilibrium relax to achieve the equilibrium state. The PI's aim is to further understand the dynamical behavior of quantum mechanical systems driven by external fields. Understanding the properties of many-body quantum systems out of equilibrium is a fundamental problem of great interest to many fields, including atomic, molecular, and condensed matter physics, quantum information science, and cosmology. The team's studies may lead to:*) the prediction and discovery of new phases of matter that only appear in quantum systems out of equilibrium. New phases of matter are tightly connected with the development of new materials needed in emerging technologies and to improve existing device technologies. *) insight into quantum computing. The models used in these studies are analogous to those used in the development of technologies that manipulate quantum mechanical states to perform computation, quantum computing. Advances in the understanding of many-body quantum systems can lead to revolutionary developments in both computational capabilities and encryption technologies.This project will foster the participation of women in STEM fields by engaging female undergraduate students in the research. It will help motivate young women to study physics by giving presentations about what can be done with a degree in physics in venues like open houses and visits to high schools for girls. The PI also aims to modernize the curriculum at Stern College for Women by integrating computational activities into the undergraduate science courses. Computer codes and tutorials developed through this project will be posted online to contribute to the integration of teaching and research at other institutions. The collaboration will also benefit the undergraduate students of Stern College for Women, who will have the opportunity to experience research at a PhD granting institution in Israel.TECHNICAL SUMMARYThis award supports a theoretical and computational research collaboration between a PI funded by the National Science Foundation and a PI funded by the Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF). The collaboration will combine complementary skills and resources with an aim to advance understanding of the dynamics of many-body quantum systems, an outstanding challenge at the forefront of theoretical and experimental physics. It bridges fields as diverse as atomic, molecular, condensed matter, and high-energy physics. The widespread interest in the subject is prompted by new theoretical and computational methods, and by experimental access to ever longer coherent evolutions. Particular attention has been given to the conditions for equilibration, thermalization, and localization in interacting systems described by static and driven Hamiltonians, themes to which both the PI and the BSF-PI have made several important contributions. Yet, a challenging question that remains open refers to the time for these systems to equilibrate. Existing results, often based on abstract models, are contradictory. Also debated are: the time that marks the onset of universal behavior, what Thouless time is in interacting systems, the duration of exponential behaviors, and how these timescales relate with the heating timescale of driven systems. To characterize these various timescales, the team will consider realistic models and experimental observables, and will take advantage of their experience with quantum chaos and random matrix theory to identify general behaviors and derive analytical expressions. While the PI has mostly focused on time-independent Hamiltonians, the BSF-PI will bring in his expertise on driven systems. In addition to dynamics and timescales, self-averaging will also be a central topic of this project. Contrary to ergodicity, self-averaging in interacting quantum systems out of equilibrium has received very little attention, despite its importance to the development of theoretical models, as well as to experiments and numerical simulations, where access to many realizations may be costly.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

非技术摘要这一奖项支持由国家科学基金会资助的PI与以色列Binational Science Foundation（BSF）资助的PI之间的理论和计算研究合作。该协作将结合互补的技能和资源，对系统进行计算和理论研究，包括许多相互作用的粒子，这些粒子远离平衡状态，并由量子力学描述。平衡中系统的特性不会随时间变化。相比之下，非平衡系统的特性例如，例如，纳米材料中的电子暴露于光线，变化。这项研究旨在促进对系统如何远离平衡放松以达到平衡状态的理解。 PI的目的是进一步了解由外场驱动的量子机械系统的动态行为。了解以平衡为基础的多体量子系统的性质是许多领域的基本问题，包括原子，分子和凝结物理学，量子信息科学和宇宙学。团队的研究可能导致：*）仅出现在量子系统中的物质的预测和发现。物质的新阶段与新兴技术所需的新材料的开发密切相关，并改善了现有的设备技术。 *）深入了解量子计算。这些研究中使用的模型类似于在操纵量子机械状态以执行计算，量子计算的技术开发中使用的模型。理解多体量子系统的进步可能会导致计算能力和加密技术的革命性发展。该项目将通过使女性本科生参与研究来促进妇女参与STEM领域。这将有助于激励年轻妇女通过演讲，以介绍开放式房屋和访问高中女孩的物理学学位可以做什么。 PI还旨在通过将计算活动整合到本科科学课程中，使Stern妇女学院的课程现代化。通过该项目开发的计算机代码和教程将在线发布，以促进其他机构的教学和研究。该合作还将使斯特恩女性学院的本科生受益，她们将有机会在以色列的博士学位授予机构进行研究。技术摘要这一奖项支持由国家科学基金会资助的PI与以色列Binational Science Foundation（BSF）资助的PI的理论和计算研究合作。该协作将结合互补技能和资源，旨在提高人们对多体量子系统动态的了解，这是理论和实验物理学最前沿的重要挑战。它桥接了与原子，分子，冷凝物质和高能物理学一样多样化的田地。新的理论和计算方法以及实验访问越来越长的相干演变引起了人们对该主题的广泛兴趣。特别关注了由静态和驱动的哈密顿人描述的相互作用系统中平衡，热化和定位的条件，PI和BSF-PI都做出了一些重要的贡献。然而，一个充满挑战的问题是指这些系统平衡的时间。现有的结果通常基于抽象模型是矛盾的。还辩论的是：标志着普遍行为的开始，交互系统中的时间，指数行为的持续时间以及这些时间表与驱动系统的加热时间尺度的关系。为了表征这些不同的时间尺度，团队将考虑现实的模型和实验性可观察物，并将利用他们在量子混乱和随机矩阵理论方面的经验来识别一般行为并得出分析表达式。尽管PI主要专注于与时间无关的汉密尔顿人，但BSF-PI将引入他在驱动系统上的专业知识。除了动态和时间尺度外，自我平衡也将是该项目的核心主题。与恐怖性相反，与均衡相互作用的量子系统中的自我平衡很少受到关注，尽管它对理论模型的发展以及实验和数值模拟的重要性很重要，在这种模型和数值模拟的情况下，获得许多实现的访问可能是昂贵的。这是NSF的法定任务，反映了NSF的法定任务，并通过评估范围来进行评估的范围，而这些商标被认为是众所周知的构成者的范围。

项目成果

Distribution of blackouts in the power grid and the Motter and Lai model

• DOI: 10.1103/physreve.103.032309
• 发表时间: 2021-03-17
• 期刊: PHYSICAL REVIEW E
• 影响因子: 2.4
• 作者: Kornbluth, Yosef;Cwilich, Gabriel;Zussman, Gil
• 通讯作者: Zussman, Gil

Periodically and quasiperiodically driven anisotropic Dicke model

周期性和准周期性驱动的各向异性 Dicke 模型

• DOI: 10.1103/physreva.108.063716
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Physical Review A
• 影响因子: 2.9
• 作者: Das, Pragna;Bhakuni, Devendra Singh;Santos, Lea F.;Sharma, Auditya
• 通讯作者: Sharma, Auditya

Temporal fluctuations of correlators in integrable and chaotic quantum systems

• DOI: 10.21468/scipostphys.15.6.244
• 发表时间: 2023-07
• 期刊: SciPost Physics
• 影响因子: 5.5
• 作者: Talía L. M. Lezama;Yevgeny Bar Lev;L. F. Santos

Quantum-classical correspondence of a system of interacting bosons in a triple-well potential

• DOI: 10.22331/q-2021-10-19-563
• 发表时间: 2021-05
• 期刊: Quantum
• 影响因子: 6.4
• 作者: E. Castro;J. Chávez-Carlos;Itzhak Roditi;L. F. Santos;J. Hirsch

Quantum vs classical dynamics in a spin-boson system: manifestations of spectral correlations and scarring

• DOI: 10.1088/1367-2630/ab8ef8
• 发表时间: 2020-02
• 期刊: New Journal of Physics
• 影响因子: 3.3
• 作者: D. Villaseñor;S. Pilatowsky-Cameo;M. Bastarrachea-Magnani;S. Lerma;L. F. Santos;J. Hirsch