COLLABORATIVE: Population Growth at the Southern Extreme: Effects of Early Life Conditions on Adelie penguin Individuals and Colonies

合作：南端人口增长：早期生活条件对阿德利企鹅个体和群体的影响

• 批准号: 1935901
• 负责人: Katie Dugger
• 金额: $ 80.26万
• 依托单位: Oregon State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Standard Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-09-15 至 2025-08-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1935901&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: COLLABORATIVE; Population; Growth; Southern; Extreme

Part 1: Non-technical descriptionPolar regions are experiencing some of the most dramatic effects of climate change resulting in large-scale changes in sea ice cover. Despite this, there are relatively few long-term studies on polar species that evaluate the full scope of these effects. Over the last two decades, this team has conducted globally unique demographic studies of Adélie penguins in the Ross Sea, Antarctica, to explore several potential mechanisms for population change. This five-year project will use penguin-borne sensors to evaluate foraging conditions and behavior and environmental conditions on early life stages of Adélie penguins. Results will help to better understand population dynamics and how populations might respond to future environmental change. To promote STEM literacy, education and public outreach efforts will include multiple activities. The PenguinCam and PenguinScience.com website (impacts of 1 million hits per month and use by 300 classrooms/~10,000 students) will be continued. Each field season will also have ‘Live From the Penguins’ Skype calls to classes (~120/season). Classroom-ready activities that are aligned with Next Generation Science Standards will be developed with media products and science journal papers translated to grade 5-8 literacy level. The project will also train early career scientists, postdoctoral scholars, graduate students and post-graduate interns. Finally, in partnership with an Environmental Leadership Program, the team will host 2-year Roger Arliner Young Conservation Fellow, which is a program designed to increase opportunities for recent college graduates of color to learn about, engage with, and enter the environmental conservation sector. Part II: Technical description:Leveraging 25 years of data on marked individuals from two Adélie penguin colonies in the Ross Sea, combined with new biologging tags that track detailed penguin foraging efforts and environmental conditions, researchers will accomplish three major goals: 1) assess the quality of natal conditions by determining how environmental conditions, relative prey availability, and diet composition influence parental foraging behavior, chick provisioning, and fledging mass; 2) determine the spatial distribution and foraging behavior of juvenile Adélie penguins and the relative influence of natal versus post-fledging environmental conditions on their survival; and 3) determine the role of natal and post-fledging conditions in shaping individual life history traits and colony growth. Data from several types of penguin-borne biologging devices will be used to provide multiple lines of evidence for how early-life conditions and penguin behavior relate to penguin energetics and population size. This study is the first to integrate salinity, temperature, light level, depth, accelerometry, video loggers, and GPS data with longitudinal demographic information, providing an unprecedented ability to understand how penguins use the environment and enabling new insights from previously collected data. Changes in salinity due to increased glacial melt have important implications for sea ice formation, ocean circulation and productivity of the Southern Ocean, and potentially global temperature change. The penguin-borne sensors deployed in this study will support the NSF Office of Polar Programs priority: How does society more efficiently observe and measure the polar regions? It represents only the second study to track juvenile Adélie penguins at sea, the first in the Ross Sea region, the first with substantial sample sizes, and the first to assess juvenile survival rates directly, integrating early life factors and environmental conditions to better understand colony growth trajectories.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

第 1 部分：非技术描述极地地区正在经历气候变化带来的一些最严重的影响，导致海冰覆盖范围发生大规模变化，尽管如此，对极地物种进行全面评估的长期研究相对较少。在过去的二十年里，该团队对南极洲罗斯海的阿德利企鹅进行了全球独特的人口统计研究，以探索人口变化的几种潜在机制。这个为期五年的项目将使用企鹅携带的传感器来评估觅食情况。条件和阿德利企鹅早期生命阶段的行为和环境条件将有助于更好地了解种群动态以及种群如何应对未来的环境变化。为了提高 STEM 素养，企鹅相机和企鹅科学将开展多项活动。 com 网站（每月点击量达到 100 万次，并有 300 个教室/约 10,000 名学生使用）将继续进行。每个野外赛季还将有“企鹅直播”Skype 课程。 （约 120 个/季）。该项目还将开发符合下一代科学标准的媒体产品和科学期刊论文，并将其翻译成 5-8 年级的识字水平。最后，该团队将与环境领导力项目合作，举办为期两年的罗杰·阿莱纳青年保护研究员项目，该项目旨在增加有色人种应届大学毕业生了解和参与的机会。与，并进入环境第二部分：技术描述：利用罗斯海两个阿德利企鹅栖息地的 25 年标记个体的数据，结合跟踪详细企鹅觅食活动和环境条件的新生物记录标签，研究人员将实现三个主要目标：1 ) 通过确定环境条件、相对猎物可用性和饮食成分如何影响亲代觅食行为、雏鸟供给和羽翼质量来评估出生条件的质量； 2) 确定幼年阿德利的空间分布和觅食行为；企鹅以及出生时和雏鸟后环境条件对其生存的相对影响；3) 确定出生时和雏鸟后环境在塑造个体生活史特征和群体生长中的作用，这些数据来自几种类型的企鹅生物记录装置。该研究将用于提供多种证据，说明早期生命状况和企鹅行为与企鹅能量和种群规模之间的关系。这项研究首次整合了盐度、温度、光照水平、深度、加速度测量和视频。记录仪和带有纵向人口统计信息的 GPS 数据，提供了前所未有的能力来了解企鹅如何利用环境，并从以前收集的数据中获得新的见解。由于冰川融化增加而导致的盐度变化对海冰形成、海洋环流和生产力具有重要影响。这项研究中部署的企鹅携带的传感器将支持美国国家科学基金会极地项目办公室的优先事项：社会如何更有效地观察和测量极地地区？这只是第二项追踪研究。少年阿德利罗斯海地区首次对海上企鹅进行研究，首次拥有大量样本，也是首次直接评估幼年企鹅的存活率，综合早期生命因素和环境条件，以更好地了解企鹅群体的生长轨迹。该奖项体现了 NSF 的法定使命和通过使用基金会的智力优点和更广泛的影响审查标准进行评估，该项目被认为值得支持。

项目成果

High-resolution recording of foraging behaviour over multiple annual cycles shows decline in old Adélie penguins' performance

对多个年度周期中觅食行为的高分辨率记录显示，老阿德利企鹅的表现有所下降

• DOI: 10.1098/rspb.2022.2480
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Proceedings of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences
• 作者: Lescroël, Amélie;Schmidt, Annie;Ainley, David G.;Dugger, Katie M.;Elrod, Megan;Jongsomjit, Dennis;Morandini, Virginia;Winquist, Suzanne;Ballard, Grant
• 通讯作者: Ballard, Grant

Faster growth and larger size at crèche onset are associated with higher offspring survival in Adélie Penguins

阿德利企鹅出生时生长速度更快、体型更大与后代存活率更高有关

• DOI: 10.1093/ornithology/ukad006
• 发表时间: 2023
• 期刊: Ornithology
• 影响因子: 2.3
• 作者: Jennings, Scott;Dugger, Katie M.;Ballard, Grant;Ainley, David G.
• 通讯作者: Ainley, David G.

Maintenance of nest quality in Adélie penguins Pygoscelis adeliae: an additional benefit to life in the center

维持阿德利企鹅 Pygoscelis adeliae 的巢穴质量：对中心生活的额外好处

• DOI: 10.1007/s00300-021-02894-5
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Polar Biology
• 影响因子: 1.7
• 作者: Morandini, Virginia;Dugger, Katie M.;Lescroël, Amélie;Schmidt, Annie E.;Ballard, Grant
• 通讯作者: Ballard, Grant

Effects of Diet and Provisioning Behavior on Chick Growth in Adélie Penguins (Pygoscelis adeliae)

饮食和供给行为对阿德利企鹅 (Pygoscelis adeliae) 幼仔生长的影响

• DOI: 10.1675/063.044.0105
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Waterbirds
• 影响因子: 0.3
• 作者: Jennings, Scott;Dugger, Katie M.;Ballard, Grant;Ainley, David G.
• 通讯作者: Ainley, David G.