Collaborative Research: Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) Operations, Research and Community Support

合作研究：超级双极光雷达网络 (SuperDARN) 运营、研究和社区支持

• 批准号: 1935110
• 负责人: J Michael Ruohoniemi
• 金额: $ 294.76万
• 依托单位: Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University
• 依托单位国家: 美国
• 项目类别: Continuing Grant
• 财政年份: 2020
• 资助国家: 美国
• 起止时间: 2020-02-01 至 2025-01-31
• 项目状态: 未结题
• 来源: https://www.nsf.gov/awardsearch/showAward?AWD_ID=1935110&HistoricalAwards=false
• 关键词: Collaborative; Research; Super; Dual; Auroral

Space weather is the result of the coupling of energy from the solar wind into geospace and the myriad interactions between electric fields and charged particles with the geomagnetic field and neutral atmosphere. The resulting variability and disturbed conditions leads to harmful impacts on technological systems and even to risk to humans. Scientific imperatives and practical concerns converge in making space weather a rising priority for society and national planners. This collaborative project provides support for a consortium of four U.S. universities to continue the operations of a suite of High Frequency coherent-backscatter radars within the NSF Division of Atmospheric and Geospace Sciences (AGS). This extension will enable a broad range of research across the space science community. The U.S. consortium functions as part of the international Super Dual Auroral Radar Network (SuperDARN) which encompasses more than 35 radars distributed from mid through high to polar latitudes in both the northern and southern hemispheres. The leveraged benefits of the activities include student participation in the engineering and scientific tasks required to operate the network and to achieve the desired data products.SuperDARN is well known for producing maps of the large-scale circulation of ionospheric plasma that can be compared in terms of scientific significance and practical utility to maps of winds and pressure systems in tropospheric weather. The radars observe a wide range of effects in the coupled magnetosphere-ionosphere thermosphere system that bear directly on understanding and modeling space weather events. The award will continue a program of continued observations while also achieving significant refurbishment of eleven U.S. radars located in North America and add the operations of two new radars in Iceland that are being built on separate support. It will also enable, with partial funding and by virtue of the availability of data, a broad range of research by the U.S. SuperDARN scientists on such new themes as convection in the inner magnetosphere, subauroral ionospheric convection, and solar flare impacts on the ionosphere. As a consequence of this award, the U.S. research community will be supplied with data from the entire set of SuperDARN radars and assisted in the application of SuperDARN data and data products. The award will provide new data products to the community include mapping of ionospheric plasma convection at much improved spatial resolution and techniques for applying machine learning to geospace datasets. In coordination with international collaborators simplified methods for data access will be developed that meet the emerging requirements by agencies and journals to make data discoverable and interoperable.This award reflects NSF's statutory mission and has been deemed worthy of support through evaluation using the Foundation's intellectual merit and broader impacts review criteria.

太空天气是从太阳风到地理空间耦合的结果，以及电场和带电颗粒与地磁场和中性气氛之间的无数相互作用。由此产生的变异性和干扰条件会导致对技术系统甚至对人类风险的有害影响。科学的命令和实际问题汇聚在使太空天气成为社会和国家规划者的优先事项中。该协作项目为美国四所大学的联盟提供了支持，以继续在NSF大气和地理科学（AGS）的NSF部门内的高频相干 - 散射雷达雷达。该扩展将使整个太空科学界的广泛研究能够进行。美国财团是国际超级双极光雷达网络（Superdarn）的一部分，该网络涵盖了北半球和南半球的35多个雷达。活动的杠杆效果包括学生参与工程和操作网络所需的科学任务并实现所需的数据产品。Superdarn以生产电离层等离子体的大规模循环的地图而闻名，这些图可以是可以比较在科学意义和在3层中的科学意义和实用性的效用，而在3月和压力系统中的实用性。雷达在耦合的磁层热层热层系统中观察到广泛的影响，这些影响直接在理解和建模空间天气事件上。该奖项将继续进行一项持续观察的计划，同时还进行了对位于北美的11个美国雷达的大量翻新，并添加了冰岛的两个新雷达的运营，这些雷达是在单独的支持下建造的。它还将通过部分资金和数据的可用性来实现，美国超级科学家对诸如内部磁层中的对流，下龙电离层对流的对流以及太阳能影响电离层的新主题进行了广泛的研究。由于该奖项，将向美国研究社区提供整个超级雷达的数据，并协助应用Superdarn数据和数据产品。该奖项将为社区提供新的数据产品，包括以极大改进的空间分辨率和将机器学习应用于地理空间数据集的技术的映射。为了与国际合作者的协调，将开发用于数据访问的方法，以满足机构和期刊的新兴要求，以使数据可发现和可互操作。该奖项反映了NSF的法定任务，并被认为是值得通过基金会的知识分子优点和更广泛影响的审查标准来通过评估来获得支持的。

项目成果

An Examination of Magnetosphere‐Ionosphere Influences During a SAPS Event

SAPS 事件期间磁层 - 电离层影响的检查

• DOI: 10.1029/2021gl095751
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Geophysical Research Letters
• 影响因子: 5.2
• 作者: Kunduri, B. S. R.;Baker, J. B. H.;Ruohoniemi, J. M.;Coster, A. J.;Vines, S. K.;Anderson, B. J.;Shepherd, S. G.;Chartier, A. T.
• 通讯作者: Chartier, A. T.

Evolution of Mid‐latitude Density Irregularities and Scintillation in North America During the 7–8 September 2017 Storm

• DOI: 10.1029/2021ja029192
• 发表时间: 2021-06
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
• 作者: Y. Nishimura;S. Mrak;J. Semeter;A. Coster;P. Jayachandran;K. Groves;D. Knudsen;N. Nishitani;J. Ruohoniemi

Storm Time Electrified MSTIDs Observed Over Mid‐Latitude North America

• DOI: 10.1029/2022ja031115
• 发表时间: 2023-03
• 期刊: Journal of Geophysical Research: Space Physics
• 作者: I. J. Kelley;B. Kunduri;J. Baker;J. Ruohoniemi;S. Shepherd

A Modeling Framework for Estimating Ionospheric HF Absorption Produced by Solar Flares

用于估计太阳耀斑产生的电离层高频吸收的建模框架

• DOI: 10.1029/2021rs007285
• 发表时间: 2021
• 期刊: Radio Science
• 影响因子: 1.6
• 作者: Chakraborty, S.;Baker, J. B. H.;Fiori, R. A. D.;Ruohoniemi, J. M.;Zawdie, K. A.
• 通讯作者: Zawdie, K. A.

An Examination of SuperDARN Backscatter Modes Using Machine Learning Guided by Ray‐Tracing

• DOI: 10.1029/2022sw003130
• 发表时间: 2022-09
• 期刊: Space Weather
• 作者: B. Kunduri;J. Baker;J. Ruohoniemi;E. G. Thomas;S. Shepherd